Serbia
country in Southeast Europe
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World Factbook
CIA reference data · 4 sections
Geography
Location
Southeastern Europe, between Macedonia and Hungary
Climate
in the north, continental climate (cold winters and hot, humid summers with well-distributed rainfall); in other parts, continental and Mediterranean climate (relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall and hot, dry summers and autumns)
Terrain
extremely varied; to the north, rich fertile plains; to the east, limestone ranges and basins; to the southeast, ancient mountains and hills
Natural resources
oil, gas, coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony, chromite, gold, silver, magnesium, pyrite, limestone, marble, salt, arable land
People & Society
Religions
Serbian Orthodox 81.1%, unknown 5.3%, Islam 4.2%, Catholic 3.9%, no response 2.5%, atheist 1.1%; less than 1%: other Christians, Protestant, agnostic (2022)
Government
Government type
parliamentary republic
Independence
5 June 2006 (from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro); notable earlier dates: 1217 (Serbian Kingdom established); 16 April 1346 (Serbian Empire established); 13 July 1878 (Congress of Berlin recognizes Serbian independence); 1 December 1918 (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes established, later known as Yugoslavia)
National holiday
Statehood Day, 15 February (1835), the day the first constitution of the country was adopted
Legal system
civil law system
Economy
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$177.093 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$26,900 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
3.9% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
4.7% (2024 est.)
Unemployment rate
7.4% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
Germany 15%, Hungary 7%, Bosnia & Herzegovina 5%, Italy 5%, Romania 5% (2023)
Imports - partners
Germany 12%, China 10%, Italy 7%, Turkey 5%, Hungary 5% (2023)
Source: CIA World Factbook · public domain (US gov work, 17 USC §105) · fetched 2026-05-06
Summary
Serbia is a sovereign state[1]. Serbia draws 138,117 Wikipedia views per month (sovereign state category, ranking #51 of 197).[2]
Key Facts
- Country: Serbia[3]
- Head of government: Đuro Macut[4]
- Continent: Europe[5]
- Instance of: republic[6], landlocked country[7], country[8], successor state[9]
- Head of state: Ana Brnabić[10]
- Capital: Belgrade[11]
- Official language: Serbian[12]
- Currency: Serbian dinar[13]
- Shares border with: Hungary[14], Romania[15], Bulgaria[16], North Macedonia[17], Montenegro[18], Bosnia and Herzegovina[19], Croatia[20], Albania[21], Kosovo[22], European Union[23], Liberland[24]
- Top-level Internet domain: .rs[25], .срб[26]
- Anthem: Bože pravde[27]
- Basic form of government: parliamentary republic[28]
- Contains the administrative territorial entity: Bor District[29], Braničevo District[30], City of Belgrade[31], Zaječar District[32], West Bačka District[33], Zlatibor District[34], Jablanica District[35], South Banat District[36], South Bačka District[37], Kolubara District[38], Kosovo District[39], Kosovska Mitrovica District[40], Kosovo-Pomoravlje District[41], Mačva District[42]
- Flag: flag of Serbia[43]
- Legislative body: National Assembly of Serbia[44]
- Executive body: Government of Serbia[45]
- Coat of arms: coat of arms of Serbia[46]
- Part of: post-Yugoslavia states[47], Southeast Europe[48]
Body
Cultural Significance
Things named for Serbia include Ramonda serbica[49], a taxon[50]; Serbians[51], a human population[52]; 1564 Srbija[53], an asteroid[54]; and Edraianthus serbicus[55], a taxon[56].
Why It Matters
Serbia has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[57] Serbia is known by 48 alternative names across languages and contexts.[58]
Entities named for Serbia include Ramonda serbica[49], a taxon[50]; Serbians[51], a human population[52]; 1564 Srbija[53], an asteroid[54]; and Edraianthus serbicus[55], a taxon[56].