Ghana
country in West Africa
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Ghana is a country in Africa[1]. It was established on January 1, 1957. The head of government is Nana Akufo-Addo[2]. As of 2021, Ghana's population was 32.8 million[3], and its area is 239,000 square kilometers. The country operates on time zones UTC±00:00 and Africa/Accra[4].
World Factbook
CIA reference data · 4 sections
Geography
Location
Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Cote d'Ivoire and Togo
Climate
tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast; hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north
Terrain
mostly low plains with dissected plateau in south-central area
Natural resources
gold, timber, industrial diamonds, bauxite, manganese, fish, rubber, hydropower, petroleum, silver, salt, limestone
People & Society
Languages
Asante 16%, Ewe 14%, Fante 11.6%, Boron (Brong) 4.9%, Dagomba 4.4%, Dangme 4.2%, Dagarte (Dagaba) 3.9%, Kokomba 3.5%, Akyem 3.2%, Ga 3.1%, other 31.2% (2010 est.)
Religions
Christian 71.3% (Pentecostal/Charismatic 31.6%, Protestant 17.4%, Catholic 10%, other 12.3%), Muslim 19.9%, traditionalist 3.2%, other 4.5%, none 1.1% (2021 est.)
Government
Government type
presidential republic
Independence
6 March 1957 (from the UK)
National holiday
Independence Day, 6 March (1957)
Legal system
mixed system of English common law and customary law
Economy
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$243.124 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$7,100 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
5.7% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
22.8% (2024 est.)
Unemployment rate
3.1% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
Switzerland 24%, UAE 18%, India 8%, South Africa 7%, China 7% (2023)
Imports - partners
China 30%, Netherlands 8%, India 5%, USA 5%, Russia 5% (2023)
Source: CIA World Factbook · public domain (US gov work, 17 USC §105) · fetched 2026-05-06
Key Facts
- Member of: United Nations[3], Commonwealth of Nations[4], African Union[5], World Trade Organization[6], International Bank for Reconstruction and Development[7], International Development Association[8], International Finance Corporation[9], Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency[10], International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes[11], African Development Bank[12]
- Country: Portuguese Empire[13], Ghana[14]
- Located in or next to body of water: Atlantic Ocean[15]
- Head of government: Nana Akufo-Addo[16]
- Continent: Africa[17]
- Instance of: country[18]
- Head of state: John Mahama[19]
- Capital: Accra[20]
- Official language: English[21]
- Currency: Ghana cedi[22], Ghana Pesewa[23]
- Shares border with: Burkina Faso[24], Ivory Coast[25], Togo[26]
- Top-level Internet domain: .gh[27]
- Anthem: God Bless Our Homeland Ghana[28]
- Basic form of government: democracy[29]
- Named after: Ghana Empire[30]
- Contains the administrative territorial entity: Ashanti Region[31], Central Region[32], Eastern Region[33], Greater Accra Region[34], Northern Region[35], Upper East Region[36], Upper West Region[37], Volta Region[38], Western Region[39], Oti Region[40], Savannah Region[41], Bono Region[42], Ahafo Region[43], Western North Region[44]
- Flag: flag of Ghana[45]
- Legislative body: Parliament of Ghana[46]
- Executive body: Government of Ghana[47]
- Coat of arms: coat of arms of Ghana[48]
- Commons category: Ghana[49]
- Licence plate code: GH[50]
- Located in time zone: UTC±00:00[51], Africa/Accra[52]
Body
Cultural Significance
Things named for Ghana include Ghanaians[53], a human population[54].
Why It Matters
Ghana has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[55] Ghana is known by 40 alternative names across languages and contexts.[56]
Entities named for Ghana include Ghanaians[53], a human population[54].