Turkmenistan
country in Central Asia
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World Factbook
CIA reference data · 4 sections
Geography
Location
Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan
Climate
subtropical desert
Terrain
flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes rising to mountains in the south; low mountains along border with Iran; borders Caspian Sea in west
Natural resources
petroleum, natural gas, sulfur, salt
People & Society
Religions
Muslim 93%, Christian 6.4%, Buddhist <1%, folk religion <1%, Jewish <1%, other <1%, unspecified <1% (2020 est.)
Government
Government type
presidential republic; authoritarian
Independence
27 October 1991 (from the Soviet Union)
National holiday
Independence Day, 27 October (1991)
Legal system
civil law system with Islamic (sharia) law influences
Economy
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$134.555 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$18,000 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
2.3% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
11.5% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate
4.4% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
China 63%, Turkey 11%, Greece 7%, Uzbekistan 6%, Azerbaijan 4% (2023)
Imports - partners
Turkey 21%, UAE 21%, China 20%, Kazakhstan 8%, Germany 5% (2023)
Source: CIA World Factbook · public domain (US gov work, 17 USC §105) · fetched 2026-05-06
Turkmenistan
Summary
Turkmenistan is a sovereign state[1]. Turkmenistan draws 12,323 Wikipedia views per month (sovereign_state category, ranking #34 of 197).[2]
Key Facts
- Turkmenistan was a member of United Nations[3].
- Turkmenistan was a member of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe[4].
- Turkmenistan was a member of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation[5].
- Turkmenistan was a member of International Bank for Reconstruction and Development[6].
- Turkmenistan was a member of International Finance Corporation[7].
- Turkmenistan was a member of Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency[8].
- Turkmenistan is in the country of Turkmenistan[9].
- Turkmenistan's head of government is recorded as Serdar Berdimuhamedow[10].
- Turkmenistan is on the continent of Asia[11].
- Turkmenistan's instance of is recorded as sovereign state[12].
- Turkmenistan's instance of is recorded as landlocked country[13].
- Turkmenistan's instance of is recorded as country[14].
- Turkmenistan's head of state is recorded as Serdar Berdimuhamedow[15].
- Turkmenistan's capital is recorded as Ashgabat[16].
- Turkmenistan's official language is recorded as Turkmen[17].
- Turkmenistan's currency is recorded as Turkmenistan new manat[18].
- Turkmenistan's shares border with is recorded as Kazakhstan[19].
- Turkmenistan's shares border with is recorded as Uzbekistan[20].
- Turkmenistan's shares border with is recorded as Afghanistan[21].
- Turkmenistan's shares border with is recorded as Iran[22].
- Turkmenistan's top-level Internet domain is recorded as .tm[23].
- Turkmenistan's anthem is recorded as National anthem of Turkmenistan[24].
- Turkmenistan's basic form of government is recorded as republic[25].
- Turkmenistan's basic form of government is recorded as presidential system[26].
- Turkmenistan's contains the administrative territorial entity is recorded as Ashgabat[27].
Body
Geography
Turkmenistan is in the country of Turkmenistan[9]. Turkmenistan is on the continent of Asia[11].
Designation and Status
Recorded instance of include sovereign state[12], landlocked country[13], and country[14].
Why It Matters
Turkmenistan draws 12,323 Wikipedia views per month (sovereign_state category, ranking #34 of 197).[2] Turkmenistan has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[28] Turkmenistan is known by 32 alternative names across languages and contexts.[29]