Spain

country in southwestern Europe with territories in Africa
Country sovereign_state Q29
Press Enter · cited answer in seconds

World Factbook

CIA reference data · 4 sections
Geography
Location
Southwestern Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, North Atlantic Ocean, Bay of Biscay, and Pyrenees Mountains; southwest of France
Climate
temperate; clear, hot summers in interior, more moderate and cloudy along coast; cloudy, cold winters in interior, partly cloudy and cool along coast
Terrain
large, flat to dissected plateau surrounded by rugged hills; Pyrenees Mountains in north
Natural resources
coal, lignite, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, uranium, tungsten, mercury, pyrites, magnesite, fluorspar, gypsum, sepiolite, kaolin, potash, hydropower, arable land
People & Society
Religions
Roman Catholic 58.2%, atheist 16.2%, agnostic 10.8%, other 2.7%, non-believer 10.5%, unspecified 1.7% (2021 est.)
Government
Government type
parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Independence
1492
National holiday
National Day (Hispanic Day), 12 October (1492)
Legal system
civil law system with regional variations
Economy
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$2.361 trillion (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$48,400 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
3.2% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
2.8% (2024 est.)
Unemployment rate
11.4% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
France 15%, Germany 10%, Portugal 9%, Italy 9%, UK 6% (2023)
Imports - partners
Germany 11%, China 10%, France 10%, Italy 7%, USA 7% (2023)
Source: CIA World Factbook · public domain (US gov work, 17 USC §105) · fetched 2026-05-06

Summary

Spain is a sovereign state[1]. Spain draws 378,332 Wikipedia views per month (sovereign state category, ranking #21 of 197).[2]

Key Facts

  • Ethnic group: Spaniards[3], Romani people[4]
  • Country: Spain[5]
  • Located in or next to body of water: Atlantic Ocean[6], Mediterranean Sea[7], Cantabrian Sea[8], Alboran Sea[9]
  • Head of government: Pedro Sánchez[10]
  • Continent: Europe[11], Africa[12], Asia[13]
  • Instance of: realm[14], country[15], Mediterranean country[16], nation state[17]
  • Head of state: Felipe VI of Spain[18]
  • Capital: Madrid[19]
  • Official language: Spanish[20], Galician[21], Basque[22], Catalan[23], Occitan[24]
  • Currency: euro[25]
  • Shares border with: Andorra[26], Portugal[27], Morocco[28], France[29], Gibraltar[30], Algeria[31], United Kingdom[32], Kingdom of Patones[33]
  • Top-level Internet domain: .es[34]
  • Anthem: Marcha Real[35]
  • Basic form of government: parliamentary monarchy[36]
  • Named after: Hispania[37]
  • Contains the administrative territorial entity: Andalusia[38], Catalonia[39], Community of Madrid[40], Valencian Community[41], Galicia[42], Castile and León[43], Basque Country[44], Canary Islands[45], Castile–La Mancha[46], Region of Murcia[47], Aragon[48], Asturias[49], Extremadura[50], Balearic Islands[51]
  • Flag: flag of Spain[52]
  • Legislative body: Cortes Generales[53]
  • Executive body: Government of Spain[54]
  • Highest judicial authority: Supreme Court of Spain[55], Constitutional Court of Spain[56]
  • Coat of arms: coat of arms of Kingdom of Spain[57]

Body

Cultural Significance

Things named for Spain include Port of Spain[58], a city[59], in Trinidad and Tobago[60]; Plaza de España[61], a square[62], founded in 1928[63]; Spaniards[64], a human population[65]; Ruy Lopez[66], a chess opening[67]; espagnole sauce[68], a mother sauce[69]; Piazza di Spagna[70], a square[71], in Italy[72], founded in 1726[73]; Plaça d'Espanya[74]; and España[75].

Why It Matters

Spain has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[76] Spain is known by 69 alternative names across languages and contexts.[77]

Entities named for Spain include Port of Spain[58], a city[59], in Trinidad and Tobago[60]; Plaza de España[61], a square[62], founded in 1928[63]; Spaniards[64], a human population[65]; Ruy Lopez[66], a chess opening[67]; espagnole sauce[68], a mother sauce[69]; and Piazza di Spagna[70], a square[71], in Italy[72], founded in 1726[73].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [10] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  2. [5] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  3. [11] ↑ . workwithdata.com. Retrieved . workwithdata.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  4. [12] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  5. [13] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  6. [14] ↑ . books.google.es. books.google.es. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  7. [15] ↑ . workwithdata.com. Retrieved . workwithdata.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  8. [16] ↑ . miteco.gob.es. miteco.gob.es. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  9. [17] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  10. [18] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  11. [19] ↑ . constitution of Spain. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  12. [20] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  13. [21] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  14. [22] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  15. [23] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  16. [24] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  17. [25] ↑ . ecb.europa.eu. ecb.europa.eu. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  18. [26] ↑ . Brockhaus Enzyklopädie. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  19. [27] ↑ . Brockhaus Enzyklopädie. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  20. [28] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  21. [29] ↑ . Brockhaus Enzyklopädie. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  22. [30] ↑ . Brockhaus Enzyklopädie. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  23. [31] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  24. [32] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  25. [33] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  26. [34] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  27. [35] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  28. [36] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  29. [37] ↑ . books.google.es. Retrieved . books.google.es. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  30. [38] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  31. [39] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  32. [40] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  33. [41] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  34. [42] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  35. [43] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  36. [44] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  37. [45] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  38. [46] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  39. [47] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  40. [48] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  41. [49] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  42. [50] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  43. [51] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  44. [52] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  45. [3] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  46. [4] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  47. [53] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  48. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  49. [7] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  50. [8] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  51. [9] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  52. [54] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  53. [55] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  54. [56] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  55. [57] ↑ . wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [58] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [61] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [64] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [66] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [68] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [70] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [74] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  8. [75] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [59] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [60] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [62] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [63] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [65] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [67] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [69] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  8. [71] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  9. [72] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  10. [73] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Class ancestry

  1. [1] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org.

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [2] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [76] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [77] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

📑 Cite this page

Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Spain. Retrieved October 27, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/spain
MLA “Spain.” 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph, 4ort.xyz, 27 Oct. 2026, https://4ort.xyz/entity/spain.
BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_spain_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{Spain}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/spain}, note = {Accessed: 2026-10-27}}
LLM prompt According to 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph (aggregator of Wikidata, Wikipedia, and authoritative open-data sources): Spain — https://4ort.xyz/entity/spain (retrieved 2026-10-27)

Canonical URL: https://4ort.xyz/entity/spain · Last refreshed:

Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 5d ago · BorkedBot bot · 2026-10-23 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetqualifier-add:1| */ Subject named as: Spain, update metadata from fandom API ([[:toolforge:editgroups/b/CB/fb2d267272cf|details]])"
  2. 7d ago · Tomodachi94 · 2026-10-20 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Fandom article id → you:Spain, es.hitlerparody:España, tropedia:Spain +6
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Fandom article id: historica:Spain, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/300092148|Spain (#300092148)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/8197|Historica Wiki art"
  3. 9d ago · Sadads · 2026-10-18 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14968 → January 12
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14968: Q2248, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/291586|batch #291586]]"
  4. 18d ago · Ytterbyz · 2026-10-09 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Europeana entity → place/base/83
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Europeana entity: place/base/83"
  5. 19d ago · Landre89 · 2026-10-08 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Estonian subject thesaurus id → 131823
    Continent → Europe, Africa, Americas +2
    Image → Spain - Location Map (2013) - ESP - UNOCHA.svg
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Estonian subject thesaurus id: 131823, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/167985806|Hispaania (riik) (#167985806)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/6387|Eston"
  6. 21d ago · David Ll L · 2026-10-06 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Image → Spain - Location Map (2013) - ESP - UNOCHA.svg
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1 */ Image: Spain in European Union (extended) (special marker).svg"
  7. 29d ago · Ottawajin · 2026-09-29 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    J-global id → 200906003569584995
    Sitelink count → 396
    Wikipedia languages → ['ab', 'abstract', 'ace', 'ady', 'af', 'als', 'am', 'ami', 'an', 'ang', 'ann', '
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ J-global id: 200906003569584995, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/262295980|Spain (#262295980)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7507|J-GLOBAL techni"
  8. 5w ago · ならちゃん · 2026-09-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Nhk one news topic id → E0000000519
    Participant in → Spanish–Moro conflict, International Space Station
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/54972|batch #54972]]"
  9. 5w ago · Vicarage · 2026-09-16 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Participant in → Spanish–Moro conflict, International Space Station
    "/* wbremoveclaims-remove:1| */ Participant in: Rif War"
  10. 7w ago · VGMaintenanceBot bot · 2026-09-04 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Continent → Europe, Africa, Americas +2
    "/* wbsetqualifier-add:1| */ Mediawiki page id: 102011, Add qualifier to All the Tropes article ID `Spain`"
  11. 10w ago · Macondo · 2026-08-13 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Described by source → The Catholic Encyclopedia, Sytin Military Encyclopedia, Bible Encyclopedia of Archimandrite Nicephorus +10
    Fandom article id → you:Spain, es.hitlerparody:España, tropedia:Spain +6
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Described by source: Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana"
  12. 11w ago · Andre Engels · 2026-08-06 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Fandom article id → you:Spain, es.hitlerparody:España, tropedia:Spain +6
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Fandom article id: apple:Spain, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/143414119|Spain (#143414119)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/5500|Apple Wiki (Fandom)]] "
  13. 12w ago · WikiLucas00 · 2026-08-02 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Pronunciation audio → Lb-Spuenien.ogg, LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Spania.wav, LL-Q33810 (ori)-Psubhashish-ସ୍ପେନ.wav +2
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Pronunciation audio: LL-Q33573 (kin)-Adygrafix250-Esipanye.wav"
  14. 12w ago · Bouzinac · 2026-08-01 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Coordinates of geographic center → {'lat': 40.227, 'lon': -3.855}
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Coordinates of geographic center: 40°13'37"N, 3°51'18"W"
  15. 13w ago · Jberkel · 2026-07-25 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Pronunciation audio → Lb-Spuenien.ogg, LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Spania.wav, LL-Q33810 (ori)-Psubhashish-ସ୍ପେନ.wav +2
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Pronunciation audio: LL-Q652 (ita)-Francyskus-Spagna.wav, Adding Italian pronunciation audio"
  16. 13w ago · OBender12 · 2026-07-22 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Jewish encyclopedia id → 13940
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Jewish encyclopedia id: 13940, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/167484767|SPAIN (#167484767)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/6351|Jewish Encyclopedia]] #m"
  17. 13w ago · Pierrotrgr · 2026-07-22 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Flag image → Flag of Spain.svg, Flag of Spain (1977–1981).svg, Flag of Spain (1938–1945).svg +7
    Biblissima authority id → Old Iron Town
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Biblissima authority id: Q26866, Import ID Biblissima V2 ([[:toollabs:editgroups/b/OR/74d891b831c|details]])"
  18. 14w ago · Charp238 · 2026-07-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Femiwiki id → 2779
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Femiwiki id: 2779"
  19. 14w ago · Bencemac · 2026-07-15 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Bibliothèque nationale de france id → 118635857, 119312786
    "/* wbsetqualifier-add:1| */ Determination method or standard: record linkage, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/260983|batch #260983]]"
  20. 16w ago · Printstream · 2026-07-01 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14586 → 79331
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14586: 79331, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1782930762135"
  21. 17w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-06-28 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Edit16 catalogue author id → 6858
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Edit16 catalogue author id: 6858, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/107819360|Spagna (#107819360)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/4161|EDIT16 people]] #mix"
  22. 17w ago · Andre Engels · 2026-06-26 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Oxford classical dictionary id → 6026
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Oxford classical dictionary id: 6026, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/107288007|Spain (#107288007)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/4102|Oxford Classical "
  23. 18w ago · Ytterbyz · 2026-06-22 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Pares id → 79635
    Eska.pl topic id → tg-gZru-rXDT-VSjw
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Pares id: 79635"
  24. 19w ago · LadyData · 2026-06-14 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14470 → Locations/Spain
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ P14470: Locations/Spain, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/293246806|Spain (#293246806)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7990|Giant Bomb Wiki l"
  25. 19w ago · Jindřich Rubeš · 2026-06-12 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Svkkl authority id → g0001651-spanelsko
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Svkkl authority id: g0001651-spanelsko, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259494|batch #259494]]"
  26. 21w ago · KrBot bot · 2026-05-30 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Harper's tag → spain
    "/* wbsetqualifier-update:1| */ Subclass of: second-level administrative division, разрешение перенаправления / resolving redirect second-level administrative division → second-level administrative div"
  27. 24w ago · Quesotiotyo · 2026-05-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Dbnl country id → spanj01
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Dbnl country id: spanj01, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/257631|batch #257631]]"
  28. 24w ago · Jarkn · 2026-05-08 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Capital → Madrid, Toledo city, Madrid city +1
    "/* wbremoveclaims-remove:1| */ Capital: Madrid city"
  29. 24w ago · Putnik · 2026-05-08 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija id → ispanija-1
    Sancho el sabio foundation id → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija id: ispanija-1"
  30. 25w ago · 99of9 · 2026-05-04 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Fandom article id → you:Spain, es.hitlerparody:España, tropedia:Spain +6
    Fandom wiki id → spain
    Australian war memorial id → PL2401
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Australian war memorial id: PL2401, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/73213567|Spain (#73213567)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/2398|Australian War Memor"
Live feed via Wikidata EventStreams. New edits appear within minutes of being made on Wikidata.