Victor Hugo is a human[1]. He was born in Besançon[2]. He passed away in Paris[3]. He worked as a politician[4], playwright[5], novelist[6], draftsperson[7], and librettist[8]. He has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[9]
Victor Hugo's field of work was creative and professional writing[21].
Victor Hugo held the position of Member of parliament for the Seine[22].
Victor Hugo held the position of Senator of La Seine[23].
Victor Hugo held the position of member of the Chamber of Peers[24].
Victor Hugo held the position of Member of parliament for the Seine[25].
Victor Hugo held the position of seat 14 of the Académie française[26].
Victor Hugo held the position of president of the Société des gens de lettres[27].
Body
Origins and Family
Victor Hugo was born in Besançon[2]. His father was Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo[11]. His mother was Sophie Trébuchet[12]. French was his native language[19].
Education
Educated at University of Paris[28], a former entity[29], in France[30], founded in 1150[31], headquartered in Paris[32]; Lycée Louis-le-Grand[33], an educational facility[34], in France[35], founded in 1965[36]; and Lycée Michelet, Vanves[37], an educational facility[38], in France[39], founded in 1965[40].
Career and Affiliations
Recorded occupations include politician[4], playwright[5], novelist[6], draftsperson[7], librettist[8], and essayist[20]. Victor Hugo's field of work was creative and professional writing[21]. Positions held include Member of parliament for the Seine[22]; Senator of La Seine[23]; member of the Chamber of Peers[24]; seat 14 of the Académie française[26], a seat of a scientific academy[41]; and president of the Société des gens de lettres[27].
Recognition
Awards received include Officer of the Legion of Honour[42], a grade of an order[43], in France[44] and Knight of the Legion of Honour[45], a grade of an order[46], in France[47].
Personal Life
Victor Hugo was married to Adèle Foucher[13]. Children include Adèle Hugo[14], a diarist[48], 1830–1915[49], of France[50]; Charles Hugo[15], a writer[51], 1826–1871[52], of France[53], awarded the Concours général[54], specialised in literature[55]; François-He[16], a writer[56], 1828–1873[57], of France[58]; and Léopoldine Hugo[17], a socialite[59], 1824–1843[60], of France[61]. He was affiliated with the Parti de l'Ordre[62].
Death and Burial
Victor Hugo passed away in Paris[3]. The cause of death was pneumonia[63]. He is buried at Panthéon[10].
Why It Matters
Victor Hugo has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[9] He is known by 38 alternative names across languages and contexts.[64]
He has been cited as an influence by Fyodor Dostoyevsky[65], a translator[66], 1821–1881[67], of Russian Empire[68]; Ayn Rand[69], a playwright[70], 1905–1982[71], of Russian Empire[72], awarded the Prometheus Award - Hall of Fame[73], specialised in objectivism[74]; Jules Verne[75], a novelist[76], 1828–1905[77], of France[78], awarded the Officer of the Legion of Honour[79], specialised in drama[80]; Michel Bampély[81], an artist[82], b. 1974[83], of France[84]; Machado de Assis[85], a writer[86], 1839–1908[87], of Brazil[88], awarded the Knight of the Imperial Order of the Rose[89]; and André Gide[90], a journalist[91], 1869–1951[92], of France[93], awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature[94], specialised in fiction[95].
Works attributed to him include The Hunchback of Notre Dame[96], Toilers of the Sea[97], Demain dès l'aube[98], Cromwell[99], Les Contemplations[100], and La Fin de Satan[101].
Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.
APA4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Victor Hugo. Retrieved April 10, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/victor-hugo
BibTeX@misc{4ortxyz_victor-hugo_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{Victor Hugo}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/victor-hugo}, note = {Accessed: 2026-04-10}}
LLM promptAccording to 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph (aggregator of Wikidata, Wikipedia, and authoritative open-data sources): Victor Hugo — https://4ort.xyz/entity/victor-hugo (retrieved 2026-04-10)
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Described by source→Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron, Small Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary +9
Described at url→—
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