Victor Hugo was born in Besançon[1]. He died in Paris[2]. He worked as a playwright[3], novelist[4], draftsperson[5], librettist[6], and essayist[7]. He ranks in the top 0.39% of human entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (73,448 views/month, #3,922 of 1,000,298).[8]
Occupation: memoirist[22], writer[23], illustrator[24], travel writer[25], poet[26], art historian[27], opinion journalist[28], graphic artist[29], author[30], member of parliament[31], politician[32]
Field of work: creative and professional writing[33]
Position held: Member of parliament for the Seine[34], Senator of La Seine[35], member of the Chamber of Peers[36], member of the Académie française[37], president of the Société des gens de lettres[38]
Educated at: University of Paris[39], Lycée Louis-le-Grand[40], Lycée Michelet, Vanves[41]
Award received: Officer of the Legion of Honour[42], Knight of the Legion of Honour[43]
Member of: Académie Française[44], Serbian Learned Society[45], Académie des sciences, belles-lettres et arts de Besançon et de Franche-Comté[46], Société des gens de lettres[47], Société d’encouragement pour la locomotion aérienne au moyen d’appareils plus lourds que l’air[48], Académie des sciences, belles-lettres et arts de Rouen[49]
Archives at: Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library[61], Maison de Victor Hugo[62]
Why It Matters
Victor Hugo has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[63] He is known by 52 alternative names across languages and contexts.[64]
He has been cited as an influence by Fyodor Dostoyevsky[65], a translator[66], 1821–1881[67], of Russia[68]; Leo Tolstoy[69], a writer[70], 1828–1910[71], of Russian Empire[72], awarded the Order of Saint Anna, 4th class[73], specialised in philosophy[74]; Ayn Rand[75], a playwright[76], 1905–1982[77], of Russian Empire[78], awarded the Prometheus Award - Hall of Fame[79], specialised in objectivism[80]; Jules Verne[81], a novelist[82], 1828–1905[83], of France[84], awarded the Officer of the Legion of Honour[85], specialised in drama[86]; Arthur Rimbaud[87], a poet[88], 1854–1891[89], of France[90], awarded the Concours général[91], specialised in symbolism[92]; and Joseph Conrad[93], a writer[94], 1857–1924[95], of Russian Empire[96], specialised in fiction[97].
Works attributed to him include Les Misérables[98], The Hunchback of Notre Dame[99], The Man Who Laughs[100], Demain dès l'aube[101], Ninety-three[102], and The Last Day of a Condemned Man[103].
Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.
APA4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Victor Hugo. Retrieved October 15, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/victor-hugo
BibTeX@misc{4ortxyz_victor-hugo_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{Victor Hugo}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/victor-hugo}, note = {Accessed: 2026-10-15}}
LLM promptAccording to 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph (aggregator of Wikidata, Wikipedia, and authoritative open-data sources): Victor Hugo — https://4ort.xyz/entity/victor-hugo (retrieved 2026-10-15)
Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.
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Described by source→Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron, Small Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary +10
Described at url→—
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