Niger
sovereign state in western Africa
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World Factbook
CIA reference data · 4 sections
Geography
Location
Western Africa, southeast of Algeria
Climate
desert; mostly hot, dry, dusty; tropical in extreme south
Terrain
predominately desert plains and sand dunes; flat to rolling plains in south; hills in north
Natural resources
uranium, coal, iron ore, tin, phosphates, gold, molybdenum, gypsum, salt, petroleum
People & Society
Languages
Hausa, Zarma, French (official), Fufulde, Tamashek, Kanuri, Gurmancema, Tagdal
Religions
Muslim 95.5%, ethnic religionist 4.1%, Christian 0.3%, agnostics and other 0.1% (2020 est.)
Government
Government type
formerly, semi-presidential republic
Independence
3 August 1960 (from France)
National holiday
Republic Day, 18 December (1958)
Legal system
note: following the 26 July 2023 military coup, the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland assumed control of all government institutions and rules by decree; formerly, mixed system of civil law, based on French civil law, Islamic law, and customary law
Economy
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$47.921 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$1,800 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
8.4% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
9.1% (2024 est.)
Unemployment rate
0.4% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
UAE 31%, France 23%, China 18%, India 6%, Sweden 5% (2023)
Imports - partners
China 26%, France 15%, India 12%, Nigeria 7%, UAE 6% (2023)
Source: CIA World Factbook · public domain (US gov work, 17 USC §105) · fetched 2026-05-06
Niger
Summary
Niger is a republic[1]. Niger draws 6,016 Wikipedia views per month (republic category, ranking #9 of 32).[2]
Key Facts
- Niger was a member of United Nations[3].
- Niger was a member of African Union[4].
- Niger was a member of World Trade Organization[5].
- Niger was a member of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation[6].
- Niger was a member of International Bank for Reconstruction and Development[7].
- Niger was a member of International Development Association[8].
- Niger is in the country of Niger[9].
- Niger's head of government is recorded as Ali Lamine Zeine[10].
- Niger is on the continent of Africa[11].
- Niger's instance of is recorded as republic[12].
- Niger's instance of is recorded as sovereign state[13].
- Niger's instance of is recorded as landlocked country[14].
- Niger's instance of is recorded as country[15].
- Niger's head of state is recorded as Abdourahamane Tchiani[16].
- Niger's capital is recorded as Niamey[17].
- Niger's official language is recorded as Hausa[18].
- Niger's currency is recorded as West African CFA franc[19].
- Niger's shares border with is recorded as Chad[20].
- Niger's shares border with is recorded as Libya[21].
- Niger's shares border with is recorded as Algeria[22].
- Niger's shares border with is recorded as Mali[23].
- Niger's shares border with is recorded as Burkina Faso[24].
- Niger's shares border with is recorded as Benin[25].
- Niger's shares border with is recorded as Nigeria[26].
- Niger's shares border with is recorded as League of Arab States[27].
Body
Definition and Type
Recorded instance of include republic[12], sovereign state[13], landlocked country[14], and country[15].
Origins
Niger River is named after Niger[28].
Why It Matters
Niger draws 6,016 Wikipedia views per month (republic category, ranking #9 of 32).[2] Niger has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[29] Niger is known by 36 alternative names across languages and contexts.[30]