Leopold Kronecker

German mathematician who worked on number theory and algebra (1823–1891)
Person human Q76410
Leopold Kronecker
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Summary

Leopold Kronecker was born on December 7, 1823[1], in Legnica[2]. He died on December 29, 1891[3], in Berlin[4]. He worked as a mathematician[5], university teacher[6], and banker[7]. He ranks in the top 0.72% of human entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (1,234 views/month, #7,195 of 1,000,298).[8]

Key Facts

  • Place of burial: Alter St.-Matthäus-Kirchhof Berlin[9]
  • Father: Isidor Kronecker[10]
  • Mother: Johanna Prausnitzer[11]
  • Spouse: Fanny Prausnitzer[12]
  • Country of citizenship: Kingdom of Prussia[13]
  • Ethnic group: Jewish people[14]
  • Field of work: number theory[15], mathematics[16], logic[17], determinant[18], integral[19]
  • Position held: editor[20]
  • Employer: Frederick William University Berlin[21]
  • Educated at: University of Bonn[22], Frederick William University Berlin[23], University of Wrocław[24], Liegnitz Ritter-Akademie[25]
  • Doctoral advisor: Johann Franz Encke[26], Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet[27]
  • Notable work: Kronecker product[28], Kronecker delta[29], Kronecker's theorem[30], Approximationssatz von Kronecker[31], Kronecker–Weber theorem[32], Kronecker limit formula[33]
  • Award received: Foreign Member of the Royal Society[34]
  • Member of: Royal Society[35], German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina[36], Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences[37], Hungarian Academy of Sciences[38], Russian Academy of Sciences[39], Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences[40], French Academy of Sciences[41], Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities in Lower Saxony[42], Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei[43]
  • Religion or worldview: Christianity[44]
  • Sex or gender: male[45]
  • Doctoral student: Kurt Hensel[46], Adolf Kneser[47], Ernst Kötter[48], Mathias Lerch[49], Franz Mertens[50], Ludwig Schlesinger[51], Paul Stäckel[52], Leopold Gegenbauer[53], Richard Müller[54], Karl Färber[55], Ernst Vorsteher[56], Olaus Henrici[57], Jules Molk[58]
  • Commons category: Leopold Kronecker[59]
  • Archives at: ETH Zurich University Archives[60]
  • Academic degree: Doctor of Philosophy[61]
  • Family name: Kronecker[62]
  • Given name: Leopold[63]

Body

Works and Contributions

Things named for Leopold Kronecker include Kronecker product[64], Kronecker delta[65], Rouché–Capelli theorem[66], Kronecker symbol[67], Kronecker's theorem[68], Kronecker's lemma[69], and 25624 Kronecker[70].

Why It Matters

Leopold Kronecker has Wikipedia articles in 28 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[71] He is known by 31 alternative names across languages and contexts.[72]

Entities named for him include Kronecker product[64], Kronecker delta[65], Rouché–Capelli theorem[66], Kronecker symbol[67], Kronecker's theorem[68], and Kronecker's lemma[69].

His notable doctoral advisees include Kurt Hensel[73], a mathematician[74], 1861–1941[75], of Kingdom of Prussia[76], awarded the honorary doctorate of the University of Oslo[77], specialised in number theory[78]; Franz Mertens[79], a mathematician[80], 1840–1927[81], of Austria[82], specialised in number theory[83]; Ludwig Schlesinger[84]; Mathias Lerch[85]; Paul Stäckel[86]; and Adolf Kneser[87].

FAQs

Where was Leopold Kronecker born?

Leopold Kronecker was born in Legnica[2].

Where did Leopold Kronecker die?

Leopold Kronecker died in Berlin[4].

Who were Leopold Kronecker's parents?

Leopold Kronecker's father was Isidor Kronecker[10]. Leopold Kronecker's mother was Johanna Prausnitzer[11].

Who was Leopold Kronecker married to?

Leopold Kronecker's spouses include Fanny Prausnitzer[12].

What did Leopold Kronecker do for work?

Leopold Kronecker worked as a mathematician[5], university teacher[6], and banker[7].

Where did Leopold Kronecker go to school?

Leopold Kronecker was educated at University of Bonn[22], Frederick William University Berlin[23], University of Wrocław[24], and Liegnitz Ritter-Akademie[25].

What awards did Leopold Kronecker receive?

Honors received include Foreign Member of the Royal Society[34].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [2] ↑ . Kronecker, Leopold. wikidata.org.
  2. [4] ↑ . Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1969–1978). Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  3. [45] ↑ . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  4. [10] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  5. [11] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  6. [12] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  7. [13] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  8. [20] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  9. [22] ↑ . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  10. [23] ↑ . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  11. [24] ↑ . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  12. [25] ↑ . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  13. [15] ↑ . Czech National Authority Database. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  14. [16] ↑ . Czech National Authority Database. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  15. [17] ↑ . Czech National Authority Database. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  16. [18] ↑ . Czech National Authority Database. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  17. [19] ↑ . Czech National Authority Database. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  18. [5] ↑ . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  19. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  20. [7] ↑ . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  21. [21] ↑ . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  22. [9] ↑ . Find a Grave. stadtentwicklung.berlin.de. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  23. [44] ↑ . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  24. [34] ↑ . Complete List of Royal Society Fellows 1660-2007. wikidata.org.
  25. [14] ↑ . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  26. [26] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  27. [27] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  28. [46] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  29. [47] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  30. [48] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  31. [49] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  32. [50] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  33. [51] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  34. [52] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  35. [53] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  36. [54] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  37. [55] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  38. [56] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  39. [57] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  40. [58] ↑ . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  41. [59] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  42. [35] ↑ . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  43. [36] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  44. [37] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  45. [38] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  46. [39] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  47. [40] ↑ . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  48. [41] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  49. [42] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  50. [43] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  51. [60] ↑ . vls.hsa.ethz.ch. Retrieved . vls.hsa.ethz.ch. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  52. [61] ↑ . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  53. [1] ↑ . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  54. [3] ↑ . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  55. [62] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  56. [63] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  57. [28] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  58. [29] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  59. [30] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  60. [31] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  61. [32] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  62. [33] ↑ . wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [73] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [79] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [84] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [85] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [86] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [87] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [64] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  8. [65] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  9. [66] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  10. [67] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  11. [68] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  12. [69] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  13. [70] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [74] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [75] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [76] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [77] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [78] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [80] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [81] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  8. [82] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  9. [83] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [8] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [71] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [72] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 1d ago · 沈澄心 · 2026-10-11 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Sitelink count → 66
    Wikipedia languages → ['ar', 'arz', 'az', 'azb', 'be', 'bg', 'bn', 'ca', 'ckb', 'commons', 'cs', 'cv',
    Ndl authority id → 033103893
    National library of korea id → KAC202315907
    + 1 other property edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ National library of korea id: KAC202315907, Added with [[User:Bargioni/moreIdentifiers|moreIdentifiers]]"
  2. 4w ago · Xezbeth · 2026-09-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Personality database profile id → 1949864
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Personality database profile id: 1949864, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/322231883|Leopold Kronecker (#322231883)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7421|P"
  3. 7w ago · Mahirtwofivesix · 2026-08-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Babelnet id → 00049467n
    Arabic ontology lexical concept id → 151060374
    "/* wbeditentity-statements-multiple-properties-update:0||4 */ added/modified IDs mapped to WordNet 3.1"
  4. 9w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-08-04 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Accademia nazionale dei lincei id → 1245-kronecker-leopold
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/45365|batch #45365]]: Update P14091 IDs"
  5. 14w ago · Printstream · 2026-07-04 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14608 → 118567020
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14608: 118567020, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1783130387391"
  6. 15w ago · Krateven · 2026-06-25 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Jewish encyclopedia id (russian) → 12244
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Jewish encyclopedia id (russian): 12244"
  7. 17w ago · Yann · 2026-06-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Commons creator page → Leopold Kronecker
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Commons creator page: Leopold Kronecker, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1781107770071"
  8. 21w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-05-13 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Local thumb → —
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/30851|batch #30851]]: match CERL IDs on the basis of GND (7)"
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