Muhammad Iqbal

British-Indian Islamic philosopher, poet and politician (1877-1938)
Person human Q484141
Muhammad Iqbal
Amrita Sher-Gil · Public Domain · Wikimedia
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Muhammad Iqbal

Summary

Muhammad Iqbal is a human[1]. His place of birth was Sialkot[2]. He was born on November 9, 1877[3]. He passed away in Lahore[4]. He died on April 21, 1938[5]. He worked as a philosopher[6], poet[7], children's writer[8], politician[9], and lawyer[10]. He ranks in the top 0.57% of human entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (16,247 views/month, #5,749 of 1,000,298).[11]

Key Facts

  • Muhammad Iqbal was born in Sialkot[2].
  • Muhammad Iqbal passed away in Lahore[4].
  • Muhammad Iqbal was born on November 9, 1877[3].
  • Muhammad Iqbal was born on January 1, 1873[12].
  • Muhammad Iqbal died on April 21, 1938[5].
  • Muhammad Iqbal died on 1938[13].
  • Burial took place at Lahore Fort[14].
  • Muhammad Iqbal's father was Sheikh Noor Muhammad[15].
  • Muhammad Iqbal's mother was Imam Bibi[16].
  • Among Muhammad Iqbal's spouses was Karim Bibi[17].
  • Among Muhammad Iqbal's spouses was Mukhtar Begum[18].
  • Muhammad Iqbal was married to Sardar Begum[19].
  • A child of Muhammad Iqbal was Javid Iqbal[20].
  • Muhammad Iqbal held citizenship in British Raj[21].
  • Muhammad Iqbal worked as a philosopher[6].
  • Muhammad Iqbal's professions included poet[7].
  • Muhammad Iqbal's professions included children's writer[8].
  • Muhammad Iqbal's professions included politician[9].
  • Muhammad Iqbal worked as a lawyer[10].
  • Muhammad Iqbal's professions included jurist[22].
  • Muhammad Iqbal's field of work was poetry[23].
  • Muhammad Iqbal's field of work was philosophy[24].
  • Muhammad Iqbal's field of work was politics[25].
  • Muhammad Iqbal was educated at Murray College[26].
  • Muhammad Iqbal was educated at University of Cambridge[27].

Body

Origins and Family

Born in Sialkot[2], Muhammad Iqbal… Recorded date of birth include November 9, 1877[3] and January 1, 1873[12]. His father was Sheikh Noor Muhammad[15]. His mother was Imam Bibi[16].

Education

Educated at Murray College[26], a university[28], in Pakistan[29], founded in 1889[30]; University of Cambridge[27], a collegiate university[31], in United Kingdom[32], founded in 1209[33], headquartered in Cambridge[34]; Trinity College[35], a college of the University of Cambridge[36], in United Kingdom[37], founded in 1546[38], headquartered in Cambridge[39]; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München[40], a public research university[41], in Germany[42], founded in 1472[43], headquartered in Hauptgebäude der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München[44]; Government College University[45], a public university[46], in Pakistan[47], founded in 1858[48], headquartered in Lahore[49]; and Heidelberg University[50], a public research university[51], in Germany[52], founded in 1386[53], headquartered in Heidelberg[54].

Career and Affiliations

Recorded occupations include philosopher[6], poet[7], children's writer[8], politician[9], lawyer[10], and jurist[22]. Fields of work include poetry[23], a literary form[55]; philosophy[24], an academic discipline[56]; and politics[25], an academic discipline[57].

Works and Contributions

Notable works include Ilm Al-Iqtisad[58], The Development of Metaphysics in Persia[59], The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam[60], and The Secrets of the Self[61].

Recognition

Awards received include Sir[62], a title of honor[63] and Knight Bachelor[64], a title of honor[65], in United Kingdom[66], founded in 1300[67].

Personal Life

Spouses include Karim Bibi[17], Mukhtar Begum[18], and Sardar Begum[19]. A child of Muhammad Iqbal was Javid Iqbal[20]. His religion is recorded as Islam[68].

Death and Burial

Recorded date of death include April 21, 1938[5] and 1938[13]. Muhammad Iqbal died in Lahore[4]. Burial took place at Lahore Fort[14].

Why It Matters

Muhammad Iqbal ranks in the top 0.57% of human entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (16,247 views/month, #5,749 of 1,000,298).[11] He has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[69] He is known by 60 alternative names across languages and contexts.[70]

He has been cited as an influence by Faiz Ahmad Faiz[71], a poet[72], 1911–1984[73], of Pakistan[74], awarded the Nigar Awards[75]; Abdennour Bidar[76], a philosopher[77], b. 1971[78], of France[79], awarded the Knight of the National Order of Merit[80], specialised in Islamic philosophy[81]; Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi[82], a philosopher[83], 1913–1999[84], of India[85], awarded the King Faisal International Prize in Service to Islam[86]; Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri[87], a politician[88], b. 1951[89], of Pakistan[90]; Fazlur Rahman Malik[91], a theologian[92], 1919–1988[93], of India[94], specialised in Islamic philosophy[95]; and Ghulam Ahmed Pervez[96], a theologian[97], 1903–1985[98], of Pakistan[99].

Works attributed to him include Shikwa and Jawab e Shikwa[100], a literary work[101]; Allahabad Address[102]; The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam[103]; The Secrets of the Self[104]; Javid Nama[105]; and Message from the East[106].

FAQs

Where was Muhammad Iqbal born?

Muhammad Iqbal was born in Sialkot[2].

Where did Muhammad Iqbal die?

Muhammad Iqbal died in Lahore[4].

Who were Muhammad Iqbal's parents?

Muhammad Iqbal's father was Sheikh Noor Muhammad[15]. Muhammad Iqbal's mother was Imam Bibi[16].

Who was Muhammad Iqbal married to?

Muhammad Iqbal's spouses include Karim Bibi[17], Mukhtar Begum[18], and Sardar Begum[19].

What did Muhammad Iqbal do for work?

Muhammad Iqbal worked as philosopher[6], poet[7], children's writer[8], politician[9], and lawyer[10].

Where did Muhammad Iqbal go to school?

Muhammad Iqbal was educated at Murray College[26], University of Cambridge[27], Trinity College[35], and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München[40].

What awards did Muhammad Iqbal receive?

Honors received include Sir[62] and Knight Bachelor[64].

Who did Muhammad Iqbal influence?

Muhammad Iqbal has been cited as an influence by Faiz Ahmad Faiz[71], Abdennour Bidar[76], Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi[82], and Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri[87].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [2] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  2. [4] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  3. [15] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  4. [16] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  5. [17] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  6. [18] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  7. [19] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  8. [21] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  9. [20] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  10. [26] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  11. [27] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  12. [35] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  13. [40] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  14. [45] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  15. [50] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  16. [23] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  17. [24] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  18. [25] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  19. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  20. [7] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  21. [8] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  22. [9] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  23. [10] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  24. [22] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  25. [14] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  26. [68] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  27. [62] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  28. [64] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  29. [3] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  30. [12] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  31. [5] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  32. [13] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  33. [58] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  34. [59] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  35. [60] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  36. [61] ↑ . wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [71] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [76] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [82] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [87] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
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  6. [96] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [100] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  8. [102] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  9. [103] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  10. [104] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  11. [105] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  12. [106] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [28] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [29] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [30] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [31] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [32] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [33] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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  8. [36] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  9. [37] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  10. [38] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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  12. [41] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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  14. [43] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  15. [44] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  16. [46] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  17. [47] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  18. [48] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  19. [49] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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  22. [53] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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  27. [63] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  28. [65] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  29. [66] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  30. [67] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  31. [72] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  32. [73] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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  34. [75] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  35. [77] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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  37. [79] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  38. [80] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  39. [81] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  40. [83] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  41. [84] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  42. [85] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  43. [86] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  44. [88] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  45. [89] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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  53. [99] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  54. [101] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Class ancestry

  1. [1] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org.

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [11] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [69] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [70] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

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Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Muhammad Iqbal. Retrieved October 2, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/muhammad-iqbal
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BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_muhammad-iqbal_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{Muhammad Iqbal}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/muhammad-iqbal}, note = {Accessed: 2026-10-02}}
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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 14d ago · Epìdosis · 2026-09-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    National library of ireland id → vtls000797193
    Rilm id → 402691
    Lebanese national library id → 37780
    National library of brazil id → 001563671
    + 4 other properties edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbeditentity-update-languages-short:0||la, az */ Cleanup: remove alias=label/mul; fix copied labels ([[User:Difool/WikidataCleanup]])"
  2. 27d ago · Anti-Strange-Ipek-Action · 2026-09-06 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    National library of israel j9u id → 987007263121305171, 987007279630105171
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ [[Property:P8189]]: 987007279630105171, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/270936|batch #270936]]"
  3. 9w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-07-30 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14688 → 43684
    P14611 → 60720, 60862
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ [[Property:P14688]]: 43684, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/262250|batch #262250]]"
  4. 12w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-07-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14611 → 60720, 60862
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ [[Property:P14611]]: 60720, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/260288|batch #260288]]"
  5. 13w ago · Printstream · 2026-07-01 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14585 → 83009
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ [[Property:P14585]]: 83009, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1782930557898"
  6. 16w ago · Jindřich Rubeš · 2026-06-12 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Svkkl authority id → 0257368-Iqbal-Muhammad-18771938
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ [[Property:P9322]]: 0257368-Iqbal-Muhammad-18771938, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259496|batch #259496]]"
  7. 18w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-05-30 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Sbn author id → PUVV144690, UFEV406858, UBOV048588
    Wikidata description → British-Indian Islamic philosopher, poet and politician (1877-1938)
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ [[Property:P396]]: UBOV048588, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1780138845675"
  8. 19w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-05-20 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Local thumb → —
    Occupation → philosopher, poet, children's writer +4
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/32116|batch #32116]]: import P21 and P106 from GND (29)"
  9. 21w ago · Bargioni · 2026-05-07 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Local thumb → —
    Plaque image → Gedenktafel Iqbal am Haus Neuenheimer Landstraße 58.jpg, Habsburgerplatz GO-4 Gedenkstein.jpg, Commemorative Plaque of Gulshan-e-Iqbal Park, Gujranwala.jpg +3
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/30468|batch #30468]]: add P1810 to P5739 2/3"
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