Trending Philosophical Concepts in China — the 12 months to October 2026
The 100 most-viewed philosophical concepts on Wikipedia, the 12 months to October 2026 (Chinese-language edition). Ranked by real-world attention. Top: pre-established harmony. Data as of 25 October 2026.
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- the 12 months to October 2026 · Data as of 25 October 2026
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- 100 philosophical concepts — drawn from 1,261,344 articles Wikipedia recorded views for in this window
This counts a Wikipedia language edition, not a country's residents — Measured from the Chinese-language Wikipedia edition — readers worldwide, not residents of China. Nothing here is capped or sampled: it is every view Wikipedia published for these articles in the window. Rows carrying a 📰 badge add news coverage from GDELT; entity names and types come from Wikidata. Looking for what one country read? That is what the world reads — a different, capped measurement.
Where this data comes from ›100
Ranked
3,802
Total Views (the 12 months to October 2026)
1
pre-established harmony
philosophical theory that every substance affects only itself, but substances seem to causally interact with each other because God has programmed them to harmonize with each other
383
views
views
2
store-house consciousness
in the Yogacara school of Buddhism, the fundamental part of consciousness that receives impressions from the other consciousnesses and retains them as seeds for further manifestations and activities
168
views
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3
world
term ambiguously referring to any of: the whole of reality, the universe, the Earth and all life upon it, or human civilization
143
views
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4
Tao
in East Asian philosophy and religions, the source and fundamental principle of the universe
138
views
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5
eternal return
philosophical concept regarding infinite continuance of the universe
101
views
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6
role-playing game
game in which players assume the roles of characters in a fictional setting
87
views
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7
Übermensch
concept in the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche
85
views
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8
emergence
phenomenon whereby larger entities arise through interactions among smaller/simpler entities such that the larger entities exhibit properties the smaller/simpler entities don't exhibit
83
views
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9
absurdism
the conflict between the human tendency to seek inherent value and meaning in life and the human inability to find any; does not mean 'logically impossible' but rather 'humanly impossible'; a philosophical school of thought stating
81
views
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10
robustness
ability of an object, system, or property to tolerate or resist perturbations that might affect its behavior
75
views
views
11
morality
normative standard evaluating actions and character traits as right or wrong, virtuous or vicious, honorable or disgraceful; varies across individuals, societies, cultures, and traditions, informing judgments about moral and immoral behavior
75
views
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12
dualism
philosophical or religious belief in two fundamental substances or principles, which often oppose each other
73
views
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13
empathy
capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the latter's frame of reference
72
views
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14
free will
ability of agents to be the ultimate source or originator of their choices, free from external determination
71
views
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15
Taiyi
Taoist concept and deity
71
views
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16
knowledge
awareness of facts, familiarity with individuals and situations, or practical skill; encompasses descriptive, procedural, and acquaintance knowledge, typically characterized as justified true belief distinct from opinion or guesswork
70
views
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17
logos
term in Western philosophy, psychology, rhetoric, and religion
66
views
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18
antinomy
real or apparent mutual incompatibility of two concepts
64
views
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19
Five Relationships
Confucian concept described by Mencius
61
views
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20
proposition
idea that is true or false and may be expressed in a declarative sentence
51
views
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21
categorical imperative
central concept in Kantian moral philosophy
48
views
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22
agency
capacity of an agent to act in a world and make own decisions
48
views
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23
fundamentalism
unwavering attachment to a set of irreducible beliefs
47
views
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24
chaos
state of absence of order
46
views
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25
Ātman
Hindu concept for inner self or essence as mere consciousness
42
views
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26
paradigm
distinct conceptual or thought pattern
39
views
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27
reductionism
philosophical view explaining systems in terms of smaller parts
39
views
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28
Junzi
ancient Chinese philosophical term for an ideal person
35
views
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29
master–slave morality
central theme of Friedrich Nietzsche's works
34
views
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30
Apollonian and Dionysian
terms representing a dichotomy/dialectic between rationality and emotion
33
views
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31
abductive reasoning
form of logical inference that seeks the best conclusion that explains a set of given observations
33
views
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32
thing-in-itself
in Kantian philosophy, an object as it is, independent of observation, which one cannot know directly
33
views
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33
pain
type of unpleasant feeling
32
views
views
34
Dasein
German term meaning "existence", concept from Heidegger's philosophy
32
views
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35
essentialism
view that every entity has identifying attributes
30
views
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36
epoché
theoretical moment where all judgments about the existence of the external world is suspended
29
views
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37
kairos
right or opportune moment, as concept in ancient Greek philosophy
28
views
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38
amala-vijñāna
Buddhist philosophical concepts
27
views
views
39
essence
property or set of properties that make an entity or substance what it fundamentally is
27
views
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40
mind–body problem
open question in philosophy of how abstract minds interact with physical bodies
26
views
views
41
social atomism
sociological theory, regarding the individual as the basic unit of analysis for all implications of social life
26
views
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42
honor
abstract concept entailing a perceived quality of worthiness and respectability
26
views
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43
spirit
philosophy and religious concept of the animating essence within humans
26
views
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44
sentience
capacity to feel, perceive, or experience subjectively
26
views
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45
productive forces
in Marxism, the combination of the means of labor (tools, machinery, land, infrastructure…) with human labor power
25
views
views
46
psyche
psychological term refering to the group of acts and functions of the mind
25
views
views
47
self-cultivation
24
views
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48
player versus environment
video game or mode in a video game in which the player fights computer-controlled enemies
24
views
views
49
intergenerational equity
concept of fairness or justice between generations
23
views
views
50
unity of opposites
central category of dialectics, said to be related to non-duality in a deep sense
23
views
views
51
universalism
philosophical and theological concept that some ideas have universal application or applicability
23
views
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52
transcendence
concept designating the extra-categorical attributes of beings
22
views
views
53
cultural hegemony
marxist notion of cultural dominance
22
views
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54
Untermensch
German word meaning "subhuman"; used in Nazi Germany
21
views
views
55
category
in Kantian philosophy, a pure concept of the understanding (Verstand); a characteristic of the appearance of any object in general, before it has been experienced
21
views
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56
burden of proof
the obligation on a party in a dispute to provide sufficient warrant for their position
21
views
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57
restorative justice
approach to justice where victims and perpetrators mediate a restitution agreement
20
views
views
58
culture industry
expression suggesting that popular culture is used to manipulate mass society into passivity
20
views
views
59
the Void
manifestation of nothingness
20
views
views
60
perennial philosophy
15th-century philosophical idea that views all religious traditions as sharing a single truth or origin
20
views
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61
objectivity
central philosophical concept, related to reality and truth
20
views
views
62
being
objective and subjective features of reality and existence (philosophy)
20
views
views
63
will
faculty of the mind which intentionally selects the strongest desire from among the various desires present
19
views
views
64
structure
arrangement and organization of interrelated elements within an object or system
19
views
views
65
solipsism
philosophical idea that only one's own mind is sure to exist
19
views
views
66
self-criticism
in Marxism-Leninism, the method of criticising ones shortcomings as opposed to concealing them
19
views
views
67
accountability
concept of responsibility in ethics, governance and decision-making
19
views
views
68
holism
philosophical position that systems should be analyzed as wholes, not just as collections of parts
18
views
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69
reason
capacity for consciously making sense of things
18
views
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70
category of being
philosophical concept
18
views
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71
Aufheben
transformative process in which something is preserved, negated, and elevated to a higher state or synthesis
18
views
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72
biophilia hypothesis
hypothesis that humans possess an innate tendency to seek connections with nature and other forms of life
18
views
views
73
Arete
concept in Greek philosophy meaning "excellence of any kind" or "moral virtue", ultimately bound up, in its earliest appearance in Greek, with the notion of the fulfillment of purpose or function (the act of living up to one's full potential)
18
views
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74
law of noncontradiction
theorem of logic
18
views
views
75
identity of indiscernibles
impossibility for separate objects to have all their properties in common
18
views
views
76
hypostasis
shared existence of spiritual or corporal entities
17
views
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77
attribute
property (philosophy, ontology)
16
views
views
78
Āstika and nāstika
religious term
16
views
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79
monad
philosophical concept
16
views
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80
necessary evil
evil that is believed must be done or accepted because it is necessary to achieve a better outcome
15
views
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81
Last man
antithesis to the Übermensch in Nietzschean philosophy
15
views
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82
pneuma
ancient Greek word for "breath"
14
views
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83
finitism
philosophy of mathematics that accepts the existence only of finite mathematical objects
14
views
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84
apeiron
philosophical concept
14
views
views
85
selection
act of judging the merits of multiple options and selecting one or more of them
14
views
views
86
event
objects in time or instantiations of properties in objects (in philosophy)
13
views
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87
preference
greater liking for one alternative over another or others
13
views
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88
Giri
duty as one of the Japanese values
13
views
views
89
musica universalis
ancient philosophical concept that regards proportions in the movements of celestial bodies as a form of music
13
views
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90
harm
moral and legal concept
13
views
views
91
randomness
apparent lack of pattern or predictability in events
13
views
views
92
Verstehen
social science conception of understanding and relation
13
views
views
93
supervenience
relation between sets of properties or sets of facts, in which some difference is necessary in the latter for a difference in the former to be possible
13
views
views
94
unmoved mover
postulated ultimate cause of all activity in the universe
12
views
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95
universal
in metaphysics, a repeatable or recurrent quality that can be instantiated or exemplified by many particular things
12
views
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96
agape
Greco-Christian term referring to a type of love
12
views
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97
浩然之氣
12
views
views
98
possible world
in philosophy, a complete and consistent way the world is or could have been
12
views
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99
noumenon
in philosophy, a posited object or event that exists independently of human sense and/or concept, unlike a phenomenon
12
views
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100
balance
state of equilibrium between competing goals or opposite extremes
12
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