regression toward the mean

statistical phenomenon
Class type of: phenomenon Q1135405

Facts

8 properties
Subclass of
phenomenon
Defining formula
\forall c\colon\mathbb E[X_1 | X_1 < c] < \mathbb E[X_2 | X_1 < c] \le \mathbb E[X_1] = \mathbb E[X_2] \le \mathbb E[X_2 | X_1 > c] < \mathbb E[X_1 | X_1 > c]
Different from
mean reversion, regression
Discoverer or inventor
Francis Galton
Maintained by WikiProject
WikiProject Mathematics
Time of discovery or invention
1886
🏷️ Also known as
en mean regression en reversion to the mean en reversion to mediocrity en regression toward the mean en regression to the mean ar الانحدار نحو الوسط cs regrese k průměru da regression mod gennemsnittet de Regression zur Mitte de Regression zum Mittelwert de Regressionseffekt es regresion a la media es regresión a la media fa برگشت به میانگین fr régression vers la moyenne he תסוגה לממוצע it regressione verso la media ja 回帰効果 ja 平均への回帰 ja 平均回帰
🔖 Identifiers · 7
OpenAlex ID
C190403672
Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID
topic/regression-to-the-mean
Freebase ID
/m/019f21
MathWorld ID
ReversiontotheMean
Microsoft Academic ID (discontinued)
190403672

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🔗 Connections
Discoverer or inventor 1
Has effect 1
Instance of 1
Maintained by WikiProject 1
Subclass of 1
← Has cause 1
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Summary

regression toward the mean is a phenomenon[1].

Key Facts

  • Discoverer or inventor: Francis Galton[2]
  • Instance of: empirical statistical law[3]
  • Subclass of: phenomenon[4]
  • Time of discovery or invention: 1886[5]
  • Has effect: regression fallacy[6]
  • Different from: mean reversion[7], regression[8]
  • regression toward the mean's defining formula is recorded as \forall c\colon\mathbb E[X_1 | X_1 < c] < \mathbb E[X_2 | X_1 < c] \le \mathbb E[X_1] = \mathbb E[X_2] \le \mathbb E[X_2 | X_1 > c] < \mathbb E[X_1 | X_1 > c]<sup id="cite-C17" class="cite-ref" title="regression toward the mean — defining formula (P2534): \forall c\colon\mathbb E[X_1 | X_1 < c] < \mathbb E[X_2 | X_1 < c] \le \mathbb E[X_1] = \mathbb E[X_2] \le \mathbb E[X_2 | X_1 > c] < \mathbb E[">[?].
  • Maintained by WikiProject: WikiProject Mathematics[9]

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APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). regression toward the mean. Retrieved November 7, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/regression-toward-the-mean
MLA “regression toward the mean.” 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph, 4ort.xyz, 7 Nov. 2026, https://4ort.xyz/entity/regression-toward-the-mean.
BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_regression-toward-the-mean_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{regression toward the mean}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/regression-toward-the-mean}, note = {Accessed: 2026-11-07}}
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