Francis Galton
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Francis Galton was born on February 16, 1822, in Sparkbrook [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and died on January 17, 1911, in Grayshott [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][11][12][13][16][14]. A citizen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland , he worked as a mathematician, explorer, anthropologist, geneticist, psychologist, and geographer [11][17]. He was the son of Samuel Tertius Galton and Frances Anne Violetta Darwin [6][18][6][18] and was married to Louisa Jane Butler starting in 1853 [18]. His siblings included Emma Sophia Galton, Lucy Harriott Galton, Elizabeth Anne Galton, Erasmus Galton, Millicent Adele Galton, and Darwin Galton [18].
Galton received his education at King Edward's School, King's College London, and Trinity College [2][19]. His primary fields of work were probability theory and anthropology . He was a member of the Royal Society and the Royal Geographical Society [2]. His accolades included being named a Fellow of the Royal Society, receiving the Copley Medal, Royal Medal, Huxley Memorial Medal, and Darwin Medal, and being appointed a Knight Bachelor [20][21][2][22][23][24][25]. He was buried at the Church of St Michael and All Angels .
Key Facts
- Place of birth: Sparkbrook[11]
- Place of death: Grayshott[12]
- Date of birth: 1822[13]
- Date of death: 1911[14]
- Place of burial: Claverdon[15], Church of St Michael and All Angels[16]
- Father: Samuel Tertius Galton[17]
- Mother: Frances Anne Violetta Darwin[18]
- Spouse: Louisa Jane Butler[19]
- Country of citizenship: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland[20]
- Native language: English[21]
- Occupation: geographer[22], meteorologist[23], statistician[24], philosopher[25], sociologist[26], writer[27], photographer[28], inventor[29], physiologist[30], eugenicist[31]
- Field of work: probability theory[32], anthropology[33]
- Educated at: King's College London[34], Trinity College[35], King Edward's School[36], University of Cambridge[37]
- Doctoral advisor: William Hopkins[38]
- Notable work: bean machine[39], Narrative of an explorer in tropical South Africa[40], The art of travel; or, Shifts and contrivances available in wild countries[41], Hereditary Genius[42], Natural inheritance[43], Finger Prints[44]
- Award received: Fellow of the Royal Society[45], Copley Medal[46], Royal Medal[47], Knight Bachelor[48], Huxley Memorial Medal[49], Darwin Medal[50], Darwin–Wallace Medal[51], Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society[52], Founder’s Medal[53]
- Member of: Royal Society[54], Royal Geographical Society[55]
- Sex or gender: male[56]
- Doctoral student: Karl Pearson[57]
- Commons category: Francis Galton[58]
- Honorific prefix: Sir[59]
- Family name: Galton[60]
- Given name: Francis[61]
- Official website: http://galton.org[62]
Body
Works and Contributions
Things named for Francis Galton include bean machine[63] and Galton–Watson process[64].
Why It Matters
Francis Galton has Wikipedia articles in 26 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[65] He is known by 45 alternative names across languages and contexts.[66]
He has been cited as an influence by eugenics in the United States[67], an aspect of history[68], in United States[69]; Lewis Terman[70], a psychologist[71], 1877–1956[72], of United States[73], awarded the IEEE Richard M. Emberson Award[74], specialised in psychology[75]; Charles Spearman[76], a psychologist[77], 1863–1945[78], of United Kingdom[79], awarded the Fellow of the Royal Society[80]; and Walter Frank Raphael Weldon[81], a biologist[82], 1860–1906[83], of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland[84], awarded the Fellow of the Royal Society[85], specialised in evolutionary biology[86].
He is credited with the discovery of eugenics[87], a social theory[88]; linear regression[89], a type of statistical method[90]; regression analysis[91], a type of statistical method[92]; regression toward the mean[93], a phenomenon[94]; bean machine[95]; and dog whistle[96]. Entities named for him include bean machine[63] and Galton–Watson process[64].
His notable doctoral advisees include Karl Pearson[97].
FAQs
Where was Francis Galton born?
Francis Galton was born in Birmingham[2].
Where did Francis Galton die?
Francis Galton passed away in Haslemere[4].
Who were Francis Galton's parents?
Francis Galton's father was Samuel Tertius Galton[17]. Francis Galton's mother was Frances Anne Violetta Darwin[18].
Who was Francis Galton married to?
Francis Galton's spouses include Louisa Jane Butler[19].
What did Francis Galton do for work?
Francis Galton worked as a mathematician[5], explorer[6], anthropologist[7], geneticist[8], and psychologist[9].
Where did Francis Galton go to school?
Francis Galton was educated at King's College London[34], Trinity College[35], King Edward's School[36], and University of Cambridge[37].
What awards did Francis Galton receive?
Honors received include Fellow of the Royal Society[45], Copley Medal[46], Royal Medal[47], and Knight Bachelor[48].
Who did Francis Galton influence?
Francis Galton has been cited as an influence by eugenics in the United States[67], Lewis Terman[70], Charles Spearman[76], and Walter Frank Raphael Weldon[81].
What did Francis Galton discover?
Francis Galton is credited as discoverer of eugenics[87], linear regression[89], regression analysis[91], and regression toward the mean[93].