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Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

historical multinational monarchist state in Eastern Europe (Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania)
Country sovereign_state Q172107
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Jan Matejko · Public Domain · Wikimedia

Facts

30 properties

Identity

Instance of
sovereign state, historical country, rump state[4][5]
Inception
June 11, 1569[36]
Native label
Rzeczpospolita Korony Polskiej i Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego, Res Publica Utriusque Nationis, Regnum Poloniae Magnusque Ducatus Lithuaniae

Location

Country
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth[2]
Coordinate location
🗺️ 50.050°, 19.933°[38]
Continent
Europe[3]
Shares border with
Holy Roman Empire, State of the Teutonic Order, Duchy of Prussia, Kingdom of Prussia, Kingdom of Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Russian Empire, Tsardom of Russia, Sweden, Crimean Khanate, Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, Principality of Moldavia[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]

Population and size

Area
718k (718k–878k, n=3)
Population
12.3M (7.5M–12.3M, n=3)[39][40][41]
More facts +21
Follows
Polish–Lithuanian union[30]
Anthem
Gaude Mater Polonia[26]
Basic form of government
hereditary monarchy, elective monarchy, hereditary monarchy, elective monarchy, constitutional monarchy[27][28][29]
Capital
Kraków, Warsaw, Vilnius[6][7][8]
Coat of arms
Coat of arms of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth[32]
Currency
Polish złoty, złoty[12][13]
Described by source
Dresdner Hefte[42]
Different from
Second Polish Republic, I Rzeczpospolita, The Commonwealth of both nations, Polish Republic
Dissolved, abolished or demolished
October 24, 1795[37]
Foundational text
Конституція 5 грудня 1793 року[33]
Gregorian calendar start date
October 15, 1582
Has part(s)
Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Grand Duchy of Lithuania[34][35]
Language used
Polish, Neo-Latin, Ruthenian, Latin, Lithuanian, Armenian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Yiddish, German
Legislative body
General sejm[31]
Motto text
Si Deus nobiscum, quis contra nos[45]
Office held by head of state
King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania
Official language
Polish, Ruthenian, Latin[9][10][11]
Official religion
Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy
On focus list of Wikimedia project
Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
Participant in
Siege of Kaunas[43]
Replaces
Kingdom of Poland[44]
🏷️ Also known as
en Poland-Lithuania en Poland en Commonwealth of Poland en Poland–Lithuania en First Republic of Poland en Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth en Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth en Republic of Both Nations ar الكومنولث البولندي الليتواني ar الإتحاد البولندي الليتواني ar الكومنولث البولندي اللتواني cs Polsko-litevský stát cs Polsko-litevská unie cs Šlechtická republika cs Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth cs Republika obou národů cs První rzeczpospolita cs Nejjasnější Republika polská da Republikken af to Nationer da Polen-Litauen
🔖 Identifiers · 21
VIAF cluster ID
280847926
GND ID
1060577984
Article ID in the Lithuanian Universal Encyclopedia Online
abieju-tautu-respublika
Encyclopedia of China (Second Edition) ID
194029
Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID
place/Polish-Lithuanian-Commonwealth, topic/Commonwealth-Polish-history
FactGrid item ID
landing craft support
Freebase ID
/m/01ycx0
Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID (2017)
3508305
NL CR AUT ID
xx0271930
Namuwiki ID
폴란드-리투아니아
National Historical Museums of Sweden ID
geo/3635C829-50EE-4574-9607-50592769C8B2
OpenHistoricalMap relation ID
2800993
Show all 21 identifiers +9
Orthodox Encyclopedia ID
2661566
Quora topic ID
Polish–Lithuanian-Commonwealth
Reddit topic ID (obsolete)
polishlithuanian_commonwealth
Topic's main category
Category:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Vatican Library ID (former scheme)
ADV12266248
WikiKids ID
Pools-Litouwse_Gemenebest
Wolfram Language entity code
Entity["HistoricalCountry", "PolishLithuanianCommonwealth"]
WorldCat Entities ID
E39PBJdmhrVjQxRjqjHRBMYdcP
YSO ID
210929

Report an error or request removal Lineage (PROV-JSON)

🔗 Connections
Citizens 1580
John III Sobieski, Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, Tadeusz Kościuszko, Sigismund III Vasa, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Ivan Mazepa, Johannes Hevelius, Stanisław August Poniatowski +1572 more
Things located in country 507
Warsaw, Kyiv, Vilnius, Riga, Kraków, Lviv, Gdańsk, Łódź +499 more
Participated in 157
Great Northern War, Battle of Vienna, Livonian War, Great Turkish War, Constitution of May 3, 1791, Second Northern War, Russo-Polish War, Polish–Muscovite War +149 more
← Applies to jurisdiction 29
Great Sejm, Warsaw Confederation, royal elections in Poland, Gaude Mater Polonia, General sejm, Ruthenian Uniate Church, Silent Sejm, Grodno Sejm +21 more
← Category combines topics 22
Category:Voivodeships of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Category:People of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Category:History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Category:Military personnel of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Category:Military history of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Category:17th century in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Category:18th century in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Category:Centuries in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth +14 more
← Signatory 17
Treaty of Oliva, Truce of Altmark, Treaty of Hadiach, Treaty of Buchach, Treaty of Żurawno, Treaty of Khotyn, Treaty of Polyanovka, Peace of Busza +9 more
Shares border with 12
Sweden, Ottoman Empire, Holy Roman Empire, Russian Empire, Kingdom of Prussia, Crimean Khanate, Tsardom of Russia, Kingdom of Hungary +4 more
People born here 11
Domenico Scarlatti, Charles Domery, Jan Karol Opaliński, Konstancja Benislawska, Mikołaj Stefan Pac, Andrzej Rej, Hirschel Levin, Jan Samuel Chrzanowski +3 more
Located in this place 10
Kościuszko Uprising, Polish–Muscovite War, Deluge, Polish–Russian War of 1792, Smolensk War, House of Holszański, War of the Polish Succession, House of Kiszka +2 more
← Allegiance 7
Tadeusz Kościuszko, Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, Stefan Czarniecki, Józef Zajączek, Nicefor Czernichowski, Jan Samuel Becker, Józef Bielak
← Country of origin 7
uhlan, Krupnik, Slutsk Chronicle, Barkulabovo Chronicle, House of Pereświet-Sołtan, obuch, Praise to Vytautas
← Narrative location 7
Boris Godunov, With Fire and Sword, A Life for the Tsar, The Deluge, The Haunted Manor, Fire in the Steppe, 1670
Language used 6
Latin, Polish, Lithuanian, Armenian, Ruthenian, Neo-Latin
People who died here 6
Constantin Șerban, Jan Karol Opaliński, Elżbieta Sieniawska, Moise Movilă, Jonah Gogol, Jan Samuel Chrzanowski
← Shares border with 6
Sweden, Holy Roman Empire, Russian Empire, Crimean Khanate, Principality of Moldavia, Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
Basic form of government 5
constitutional monarchy, elective monarchy, elective monarchy, hereditary monarchy, hereditary monarchy
Contained subdivisions 5
Krzeszowice, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Duchy of Livonia, Kingdom of Poland, Fortress synagogues
Belongs to 3
Holy League, Polish–Lithuanian–Ruthenian Commonwealth, Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite Commonwealth
Capital 3
Warsaw, Vilnius, Kraków
Has these parts 3
Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Prussian Partition
Instance of 3
sovereign state, rump state, historical country
Official language 3
Latin, Polish, Ruthenian
← Capital of 3
Warsaw, Vilnius, Kraków
← Work location 3
Michał Kleofas Ogiński, House of Ogiński, House of Światopełk-Mirski
Currency 2
złoty, Polish złoty
Different from 2
Second Polish Republic, Polish Republic
Has part(s) 2
Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
Office held by head of state 2
Grand Duke of Lithuania, King of Poland
Official religion 2
Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy
Anthem 1
Gaude Mater Polonia
Category of associated people 1
Category:People of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Coat of arms 1
Coat of arms of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Continent 1
Europe
Country 1
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
FactGrid item ID 1
landing craft support
Followed by (predecessor) 1
Cossack Hetmanate
Follows 1
Polish–Lithuanian union
Legislative body 1
General sejm
On focus list of Wikimedia project 1
Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
Participant in 1
Long War
Replaces 1
Kingdom of Poland
Residents 1
Marusia Churai
Topic's main category 1
Category:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
← Affiliation 1
Jan Potocki
← Ancestral home 1
Sigismund Casimir of Poland
← Category's main topic 1
Category:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
← Characteristic of 1
Szlachta
← Culture 1
obuch
← Different from 1
Polish Republic
← Facet of 1
history of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1764-1795
← Location of creation 1
Lithuanian Metrica
← Main subject 1
Template:Country data Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
← Replaced by 1
Kingdom of Poland
← Replaces 1
Duchy of Warsaw
← Separated from 1
Duchy of Ruthenia
← Used by 1
coat of arms of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
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Summary

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth is a sovereign state[1].

Related Entities

Adam Czartoryski Aleksander Fredro Anne of Austria, Queen of Poland Augustus III of Poland Augustus II the Strong Baal Shem Tov Bohdan Khmelnytsky Bydgoszcz Camenca Casimir Pulaski Catherine Jagellon Chorzów Commission of National Education Constance of Austria Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit Domenico Scarlatti Eleonore of Austria False Dmitry II Friedrich August I of Saxony Gaon of Vilnius Georg Forster Holy Roman Empire Ignacy Krasicki Ivan Mazepa Ivan Paskevich Izabela Czartoryska Jan Henryk Dąbrowski Jan Karol Chodkiewicz Jan Kochanowski Jan Potocki

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [2] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  2. [3] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  3. [4] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  4. [5] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  5. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  6. [7] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  7. [8] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  8. [9] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  9. [10] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  10. [11] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  11. [12] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  12. [13] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  13. [14] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  14. [15] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  15. [16] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  16. [17] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  17. [18] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  18. [19] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  19. [20] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  20. [21] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  21. [22] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  22. [23] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  23. [24] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  24. [25] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  25. [26] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  26. [27] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  27. [28] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  28. [29] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  29. [30] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  30. [31] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  31. [32] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  32. [33] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  33. [34] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  34. [35] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  35. [36] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  36. [37] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  37. [38] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  38. [39] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  39. [40] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  40. [41] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  41. [42] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  42. [43] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  43. [44] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  44. [45] ↑ . wikidata.org.

Class ancestry

  1. [1] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org.

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Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Retrieved November 5, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/polish-lithuanian-commonwealth
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BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_polish-lithuanian-commonwealth_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/polish-lithuanian-commonwealth}, note = {Accessed: 2026-11-05}}
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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 7w ago · Vicarage · 2026-09-16 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Participant in → Siege of Kaunas
    "Removed claim: Participant in: Smolensk War, batch #273878"
  2. 7w ago · Vicarage · 2026-09-16 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Participant in → Siege of Kaunas
    "Removed claim: Participant in: Long War, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1789543390057; Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Long War"
  3. 19w ago · Bouzinac · 2026-06-27 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Participant in → Siege of Kaunas
    "Created claim: Participant in: Smolensk War, using Frettie/consistency check add.js"
  4. 24w ago · Twofivesixbot bot · 2026-05-22 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    "Changed claim qualifiers: YSO ID: 210929, mv to monolingual text names on YSO statements"
  5. 27w ago · Naut-rena · 2026-05-02 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Language used → Polish, Neo-Latin, Ruthenian +7
    "Created claim: Language used: Belarusian"
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