major depressive disorder

mood disorder characterized by persistent low mood, motivation, and self-esteem, accompanied by loss of interest or pleasure and impairment of functioning
MedicalCondition class_of_disease Q42844
major depressive disorder
Vincent van Gogh · Public Domain · Wikimedia
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Summary

major depressive disorder is a class of disease[1]. It ranks in the top 1% of class of disease entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (24,986 views/month).[2]

Key Facts

  • Subclass of: depressive disorder[3], depression[4], mental health[5]
  • Commons category: Major depressive disorder[6]
  • Said to be the same as: depressive personality disorder[7]
  • Symptoms and signs: dysphoria[8], fatigue[9], executive disfunction[10], depression[11], eating disorder[12], sleep disorder[13], depressive syndrome[14]
  • Has cause: genetics[15], environmental factor[16], meaning of life[17]
  • Possible treatment: antidepressant[18], electroconvulsive therapy[19], psychotherapy[20], transcranial magnetic stimulation[21], light therapy[22]
  • Facet of: women's health[23], men's health[24]
  • Described by source: Otto's encyclopedia[25], Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy[26]
  • ICD-9-CM: 296.30[27], 296.20[28], 296.2[29], 296.3[30]
  • NCI Thesaurus ID: C34796[31]
  • Different from: depression[32], depressive personality disorder[33]
  • Health specialty: psychiatry[34]
  • Drug or therapy used for treatment: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor[35], serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor[36], Bupropion[37], agomelatine[38], amoxapine[39], levomilnacipran[40], vilazodone hydrochloride[41], maprotiline[42], (S)-duloxetine[43], levosulpiride[44], (RS)-ketamine[45], Zoloft[46], antidepressant[47], wake therapy[48]
  • Genetic association: CACNA1C[49], CCBE1[50], MYO10[51]

Body

Works and Contributions

Things named for major depressive disorder include Depression Quest[52], a video game[53].

Why It Matters

major depressive disorder has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[54] It is known by 166 alternative names across languages and contexts.[55]

Entities named for it include Depression Quest[52], a video game[53].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [3] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  2. [4] ↑ . Disease Ontology. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  3. [5] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  4. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  5. [7] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  6. [8] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  7. [9] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  8. [10] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  9. [11] ↑ . Altered cortical glutamatergic and GABAergic signal transmission with glial involvement in depression. wikidata.org.
  10. [12] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  11. [13] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  12. [14] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  13. [15] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  14. [16] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  15. [17] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  16. [18] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  17. [19] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  18. [20] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  19. [21] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  20. [22] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  21. [23] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  22. [24] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  23. [25] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  24. [26] ↑ . msdmanuals.com.. msdmanuals.com.. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  25. [27] ↑ . Disease Ontology. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  26. [28] ↑ . Disease Ontology. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  27. [29] ↑ . Disease Ontology. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  28. [30] ↑ . Disease Ontology. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  29. [31] ↑ . Disease Ontology. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  30. [32] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  31. [33] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  32. [34] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  33. [35] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  34. [36] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  35. [37] ↑ . Inxight: Drugs Database. Retrieved . drugs.ncats.io. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  36. [38] ↑ . Inxight: Drugs Database. Retrieved . drugs.ncats.io. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  37. [39] ↑ . Inxight: Drugs Database. Retrieved . drugs.ncats.io. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  38. [40] ↑ . Inxight: Drugs Database. Retrieved . drugs.ncats.io. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  39. [41] ↑ . Inxight: Drugs Database. Retrieved . drugs.ncats.io. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  40. [42] ↑ . Inxight: Drugs Database. Retrieved . drugs.ncats.io. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  41. [43] ↑ . Inxight: Drugs Database. Retrieved . drugs.ncats.io. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  42. [44] ↑ . Inxight: Drugs Database. Retrieved . drugs.ncats.io. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  43. [45] ↑ . Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults. cochranelibrary.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  44. [46] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  45. [47] ↑ . nimh.nih.gov. nimh.nih.gov. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  46. [48] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  47. [49] ↑ . Phenocarta. Retrieved . gemma.msl.ubc.ca. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  48. [50] ↑ . Phenocarta. Retrieved . gemma.msl.ubc.ca. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  49. [51] ↑ . Phenocarta. Retrieved . gemma.msl.ubc.ca. Provenance: wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [52] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [53] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Class ancestry

  1. [1] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org.

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [2] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [54] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [55] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

📑 Cite this page

Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). major depressive disorder. Retrieved October 15, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/major-depressive-disorder
MLA “major depressive disorder.” 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph, 4ort.xyz, 15 Oct. 2026, https://4ort.xyz/entity/major-depressive-disorder.
BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_major-depressive-disorder_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{major depressive disorder}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/major-depressive-disorder}, note = {Accessed: 2026-10-15}}
LLM prompt According to 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph (aggregator of Wikidata, Wikipedia, and authoritative open-data sources): major depressive disorder — https://4ort.xyz/entity/major-depressive-disorder (retrieved 2026-10-15)

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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 18d ago · MatSuBot bot · 2026-09-29 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Sitelink count → 100
    Wikipedia languages → ['af', 'ar', 'as', 'ast', 'az', 'azb', 'be', 'be_x_old', 'bg', 'bn', 'bs', 'ca',
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbeditentity-update-languages-short:0||te, ja */ import labels from sitelinks; cleanup"
  2. 27d ago · Sarthorial · 2026-09-20 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Encyclopædia britannica online id → science/major-depressive-disorder
    Wordnet 3.1 synset id → 14412645-n
    Has cause → genetics, environmental factor, meaning of life
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1 */ Has cause: meaning of life"
  3. 14w ago · Nyuhn · 2026-07-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14541 → q4Cvj
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/40849|batch #40849]]: ZGBK ID"
  4. 15w ago · JhealdBatch bot · 2026-07-03 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Subclass of → depressive disorder, depression, mental health
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/39732|batch #39732]]: rm redundant subclass"
  5. 17w ago · Jindřich Rubeš · 2026-06-14 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Svkkl authority id → h0002711-deprese
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Svkkl authority id: h0002711-deprese, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259662|batch #259662]]"
  6. 21w ago · Yxnoux · 2026-05-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Possible treatment → antidepressant, electroconvulsive therapy, psychotherapy +2
    Maintained by wikiproject → WikiProject Psychology, WikiProject Neuroscience, WikiProject Medicine +9
    Aliases → —
    Subclass of → —
    + 17 other properties edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Drug or therapy used for treatment: vortioxetine"
Live feed via Wikidata EventStreams. New edits appear within minutes of being made on Wikidata.