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The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme

scientific article (publication date: 21 September 1979)
Place scholarly_article Q28237797
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The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme

Summary

The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme is a scholarly article[1]. It draws 44 Wikipedia views per month (scholarly_article category, ranking #16 of 21).[2]

Key Facts

  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme authored a critique of the adaptationist programme — author (P50): Stephen Jay Gould[3].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme authored a critique of the adaptationist programme — author (P50): Richard Lewontin[4].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's instance of is recorded as a critique of the adaptationist programme — instance of (P31): scholarly article[5].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's page is recorded as 581-598[6].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's language of work or name is recorded as a critique of the adaptationist programme — language of work or name (P407): English[7].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's issue is recorded as 1161[8].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's volume is recorded as 205[9].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme was published on September 21, 1979[10].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's main subject is a critique of the adaptationist programme — main subject (P921): spandrel[11].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's main subject is a critique of the adaptationist programme — main subject (P921): evolution[12].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's main subject is a critique of the adaptationist programme — main subject (P921): biological adaptation[13].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's work available at URL is recorded as https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.1979.0086[14].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's published in is recorded as a critique of the adaptationist programme — published in (P1433): Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences[15].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's title is recorded as {'lang': 'en', 'text': 'The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme'}[16].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's URL is recorded as https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rspb.1979.0086[17].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's copyright holder is recorded as a critique of the adaptationist programme — copyright holder (P3931): Royal Society[18].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's copyright status is recorded as a critique of the adaptationist programme — copyright status (P6216): copyrighted[19].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's online access status is recorded as a critique of the adaptationist programme — online access status (P6954): paywall[20].
  • The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's access restriction status is recorded as a critique of the adaptationist programme — access restriction status (P7228): paywall[21].

Body

Designation and Status

The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme's instance of is recorded as a critique of the adaptationist programme — instance of (P31): scholarly article[5].

Why It Matters

The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme draws 44 Wikipedia views per month (scholarly_article category, ranking #16 of 21).[2] It has Wikipedia articles in 6 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[22] It is known by 12 alternative names across languages and contexts.[23]

Related Entities

Stephen Jay Gould

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [5] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  2. [3] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  3. [4] ↑ . Europe PubMed Central. Retrieved . ebi.ac.uk. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  4. [6] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  5. [7] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  6. [8] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  7. [9] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  8. [10] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  9. [11] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  10. [12] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  11. [13] ↑ . Europe PubMed Central. Retrieved . ebi.ac.uk. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  12. [14] ↑ . Q5188229. Retrieved . api.crossref.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  13. [15] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  14. [16] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  15. [17] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  16. [18] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  17. [19] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  18. [20] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  19. [21] ↑ . royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved . royalsocietypublishing.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.

Class ancestry

  1. [1] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org.

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [2] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [22] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [23] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

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APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme. Retrieved May 3, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/the-spandrels-of-san-marco-and-the-panglossian-paradigm-a-critique-of-the-adaptationist-programme
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BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_the-spandrels-of-san-marco-and-the-panglossian-paradigm-a-critique-of-the-adaptationist-programme_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/the-spandrels-of-san-marco-and-the-panglossian-paradigm-a-critique-of-the-adaptationist-programme}, note = {Accessed: 2026-05-03}}
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Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 11w ago · Cewbot bot · 2026-05-24 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Main subject → spandrel, evolution, biological adaptation
    Author name string → R. C. Lewontin
    Instance of → scholarly article
    Copyright status → copyrighted
    + 11 other properties edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbeditentity-statements-multiple-properties-add:0||2 */ [[User:Cewbot/log/20210701/configuration|Modify PubMed ID]]: 42062 citation data from NCBI, Europe PMC and CrossRef"
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