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Oliver Cromwell

English military and political leader (1599–1658)
Person human Q44279
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Summary

Oliver Cromwell was born on April 25, 1599[1], in Huntingdon[2]. He died on September 3, 1658[3], in Palace of Whitehall[4]. He worked as a military leader[5], politician[6], farmer[7], and army officer[8]. He ranks in the top 0.17% of human entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (58,024 views/month, #1,687 of 1,000,298).[9]

Key Facts

  • Place of burial: Westminster Abbey[10]
  • Father: Robert Cromwell[11]
  • Mother: Elizabeth Steward[12]
  • Spouse: Elizabeth Cromwell[13]
  • Child: Richard Cromwell[14], Bridget Cromwell[15], Mary Cromwell, Countess Fauconberg[16], Elizabeth Claypole[17], Henry Cromwell[18], Frances Cromwell[19], Robert Cromwell[20], Oliver Cromwell[21]
  • Country of citizenship: Kingdom of England[22], Commonwealth of England[23]
  • Native language: English[24]
  • Field of work: agriculture[25]
  • Position held: Member of Parliament in the Parliament of England[26], Lord Protector[27], Member of the 1628-29 Parliament[28], Member of the April 1640 Parliament[29], Member of the 1640-42 Parliament[30], Member of the 1653 Parliament[31], Member of the 1648-53 Parliament[32], Member of the 1642-48 Parliament[33], Chancellor of the University of Oxford[34]
  • Educated at: Sidney Sussex College[35]
  • Member of: Short Parliament[36], list of regicides of King Charles I[37]
  • Religion or worldview: congregationalist polity[38], Puritans[39]
  • Sex or gender: male[40]
  • Noble title: Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland[41]
  • Member of political party: Whigs[42]
  • Commons category: Oliver Cromwell[43]
  • Military, police or special rank: colonel[44]
  • Archives at: Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library[45]
  • Cause of death: malaria[46]
  • Honorific prefix: His Highness[47]
  • Participated in conflict: English Civil War[48], Battle of Naseby[49], Battle of Preston[50], Battle of Dunbar[51], Battle of Worcester[52], Battle of Marston Moor[53], Battle of Langport[54], Battle of Gainsborough[55], Second Battle of Newbury[56]

Product Details

The following facts are restated verbatim from public-domain and CC0 open-data sources — every line is independently verifiable against the named source's catalog.

MusicBrainz — CC0 open music encyclopedia

  • Type: Person[57]

  • Country: GB[58]

  • Began / founded: 1599-04-25[59]

  • Ended / dissolved: 1658-09-03[60]

  • MusicBrainz ID: 3f05a6ce-cb6f-41a4-b322-1267ef068707[61]

Body

Works and Contributions

Things named for Oliver Cromwell include Cromwell Township[62], a township of Minnesota[63], in United States[64].

Why It Matters

Oliver Cromwell has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[65] He is known by 63 alternative names across languages and contexts.[66]

Entities named for him include Cromwell Township[62], a township of Minnesota[63], in United States[64].

FAQs

Where was Oliver Cromwell born?

Oliver Cromwell was born in Huntingdon[2].

Where did Oliver Cromwell die?

Oliver Cromwell passed away in Palace of Whitehall[4].

Who were Oliver Cromwell's parents?

Oliver Cromwell's father was Robert Cromwell[11]. Oliver Cromwell's mother was Elizabeth Steward[12].

Who was Oliver Cromwell married to?

Oliver Cromwell's spouses include Elizabeth Cromwell[13].

What did Oliver Cromwell do for work?

Oliver Cromwell worked as a military leader[5], politician[6], farmer[7], and army officer[8].

Where did Oliver Cromwell go to school?

Oliver Cromwell was educated at Sidney Sussex College[35].

Related Entities

Commonwealth of England John Wilkins Kingdom of England Richard Cromwell Twenty Years After

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [2] ↑ . news.bbc.co.uk. news.bbc.co.uk. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  2. [4] ↑ . olivercromwellshouse.co.uk. olivercromwellshouse.co.uk. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  3. [40] ↑ . BnF authorities. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  4. [11] ↑ . Q75653886. wikidata.org.
  5. [12] ↑ . The Peerage. wikidata.org.
  6. [13] ↑ . Q75653886. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  7. [22] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  8. [23] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  9. [26] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  10. [27] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  11. [28] ↑ . The History of Parliament. wikidata.org.
  12. [29] ↑ . The History of Parliament. wikidata.org.
  13. [30] ↑ . The History of Parliament. wikidata.org.
  14. [31] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  15. [32] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  16. [33] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  17. [34] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  18. [14] ↑ . Q75653886. wikidata.org.
  19. [15] ↑ . The Peerage. wikidata.org.
  20. [16] ↑ . The Peerage. wikidata.org.
  21. [17] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  22. [18] ↑ . Genealogics. wikidata.org.
  23. [19] ↑ . Q75653886. wikidata.org.
  24. [20] ↑ . The Peerage. wikidata.org.
  25. [21] ↑ . The Peerage. wikidata.org.
  26. [35] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  27. [41] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  28. [25] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  29. [42] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  30. [24] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  31. [5] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  32. [6] ↑ . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  33. [7] ↑ . kenbaker.wordpress.com. kenbaker.wordpress.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  34. [8] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  35. [10] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  36. [38] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  37. [39] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  38. [43] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  39. [44] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  40. [36] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  41. [37] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  42. [45] ↑ . hdl.handle.net. hdl.handle.net. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  43. [46] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  44. [47] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  45. [1] ↑ . Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved . olivercromwellshouse.co.uk. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  46. [3] ↑ . Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved . olivercromwellshouse.co.uk. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  47. [48] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  48. [49] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  49. [50] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  50. [51] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  51. [52] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  52. [53] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  53. [54] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  54. [55] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  55. [56] ↑ . wikidata.org.

Product details (FDA / USDA / NHTSA public-domain catalog data)

  1. [57] ↑ . MusicBrainz (MetaBrainz Foundation). musicbrainz.org.
  2. [58] ↑ . MusicBrainz (MetaBrainz Foundation). musicbrainz.org.
  3. [59] ↑ . MusicBrainz (MetaBrainz Foundation). musicbrainz.org.
  4. [60] ↑ . MusicBrainz (MetaBrainz Foundation). musicbrainz.org.
  5. [61] ↑ . MusicBrainz (MetaBrainz Foundation). musicbrainz.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [62] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [63] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [64] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [9] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [65] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [66] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

📑 Cite this page

Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Oliver Cromwell. Retrieved October 11, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/oliver-cromwell
MLA “Oliver Cromwell.” 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph, 4ort.xyz, 11 Oct. 2026, https://4ort.xyz/entity/oliver-cromwell.
BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_oliver-cromwell_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{Oliver Cromwell}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/oliver-cromwell}, note = {Accessed: 2026-10-11}}
LLM prompt According to 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph (aggregator of Wikidata, Wikipedia, and authoritative open-data sources): Oliver Cromwell — https://4ort.xyz/entity/oliver-cromwell (retrieved 2026-10-11)

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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 2d ago · HedgeHog · 2026-10-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Bookbrainz author id → 68d80249-eede-4c3f-90ab-9ec2d235b2ea
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Bookbrainz author id: 68d80249-eede-4c3f-90ab-9ec2d235b2ea, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1791629849434"
  2. 5d ago · Epìdosis · 2026-10-07 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Nlb authority id (belarus) → NLB-ar104082, NLB-ar2869032, NLB-ar96107
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Nlb authority id (belarus): NLB-ar96107, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/289738|batch #289738]]"
  3. 5d ago · Epìdosis · 2026-10-07 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Nlb authority id (belarus) → NLB-ar104082, NLB-ar2869032, NLB-ar96107
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Nlb authority id (belarus): NLB-ar2869032, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/289738|batch #289738]]"
  4. 8d ago · JuniperSandhurst · 2026-10-05 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Sitelink count → 125
    Familysearch person id → M1XV-1HB
    Wikipedia languages → ['af', 'am', 'ar', 'arz', 'ast', 'az', 'be', 'be_x_old', 'bg', 'bn', 'br', 'bs',
    Nlb authority id (belarus) → NLB-ar104082, NLB-ar2869032, NLB-ar96107
    + 7 other properties edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Familysearch person id: M1XV-1HB"
  5. 7w ago · Mahirtwofivesix · 2026-08-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Babelnet id → 00023915n
    Find a grave memorial id → 6164, 5887833
    Arabic ontology lexical concept id → 151059336
    "/* wbeditentity-statements-multiple-properties-update:0||4 */ added/modified IDs mapped to WordNet 3.1"
  6. 11w ago · Pierrotrgr · 2026-07-22 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Biblissima authority id → Alpha Leonis A
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Biblissima authority id: Q13013, Import ID Biblissima V2 ([[:toollabs:editgroups/b/OR/74d891b831c|details]])"
  7. 13w ago · Nyuhn · 2026-07-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14541 → 3sdSWS
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/40849|batch #40849]]: ZGBK ID"
  8. 13w ago · Susmuffin · 2026-07-07 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Harper's tag → oliver-cromwell
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Harper's tag: oliver-cromwell, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/289956570|oliver cromwell (#289956570)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7915|Harper'"
  9. 14w ago · Printstream · 2026-07-04 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14608 → 118522841
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14608: 118522841, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1783130387391"
  10. 14w ago · Printstream · 2026-07-01 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14585 → 60411
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14585: 60411, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1782930557898"
  11. 15w ago · Printstream · 2026-06-26 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14536 → 345944
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14536: 345944, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1782462304762"
  12. 17w ago · Jindřich Rubeš · 2026-06-11 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Svkkl authority id → 0272425-Cromwell-Oliver-15991658
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Svkkl authority id: 0272425-Cromwell-Oliver-15991658, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259496|batch #259496]]"
  13. 19w ago · Erblanchard57 · 2026-05-29 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Image → Oliver Cromwell by Samuel Cooper.jpg, Giovanni-Paolo-Marana-Espion-turc MG 9438.tif
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Image: Giovanni-Paolo-Marana-Espion-turc MG 9438.tif"
  14. 20w ago · Pigsonthewing · 2026-05-20 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14397 → 9404
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ P14397: 9404, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/290076793|Oliver Cromwell,, lord protector of England Scotland, lord protector of England, Scotland, "
  15. 20w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-05-20 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Local thumb → —
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/32086|batch #32086]]: import P21 and P106 from GND (28)"
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