Alexander the Great

king of Macedonia and conqueror of Achaemenid Persia (356–323 BC)
Person human Q8409
Alexander the Great
Unknown authorUnknown author · Public Domain · Wikimedia
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Summary

Alexander the Great was born on July 20, 356 BC[1], in Pella[2]. He died on June 10, 323 BC[3], in Babylon[4]. He worked as a politician[5], military leader[6], and monarch[7]. He ranks in the top 0.044% of human entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (218,014 views/month, #444 of 1,000,298).[8]

Key Facts

  • Place of burial: Alexandria[9]
  • Father: Philip II of Macedon[10]
  • Mother: Olympias[11]
  • Spouse: Roxana[12], Stateira[13], Parysatis II[14]
  • Child: Alexandros IV of Macedon[15], Heracles of Macedon[16]
  • Country of citizenship: Macedonia[17]
  • Field of work: politics[18], military affairs[19]
  • Position held: king of Macedonia[20], pharaoh[21]
  • Religion or worldview: Ancient Greek religion[22], Greek mythology[23]
  • Influenced by: Aristotle[24]
  • Sex or gender: male[25]
  • Family: Argead dynasty[26]
  • Noble title: pharaoh[27], king[28]
  • Commons category: Alexander the Great[29]
  • Military, police or special rank: commander-in-chief[30]
  • Unmarried partner: Barsine[31], Bagoas[32], Hephaestion[33], Campaspe[34]
  • Said to be the same as: Dhul-Qarnayn[35]
  • Cause of death: typhoid fever[36]
  • Participated in conflict: Wars of Alexander the Great[37]
  • Given name: Alexandros[38]
  • Topic's main category: Category:Alexander the Great[39]
  • Commons gallery: Alexander the Great[40]

Body

Works and Contributions

Things named for Alexander the Great include Alexandria[41], a port city[42], in Egypt[43], founded in -0331[44]; Merv[45], an archaeological site[46], in Turkmenistan[47]; Alexander Romance[48], a written work[49], written by various authors[50]; İskenderun[51], a city[52], in Turkey[53]; Albanian lek[54]; Alexander Sarcophagus[55]; Gates of Alexander[56]; and Ai-Khanoum[57].

Why It Matters

Alexander the Great has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[58] He is known by 114 alternative names across languages and contexts.[59]

He has been cited as an influence by Friedrich Nietzsche[60], a philosopher[61], 1844–1900[62], of Kingdom of Prussia[63], specialised in classical philology[64] and Nikos Kazantzakis[65], a writer[66], 1883–1957[67], of Greece[68], awarded the Greek State Literary Awards[69], specialised in poetry[70].

Entities named for him include Alexandria[41], a port city[42], in Egypt[43], founded in -0331[44]; Merv[45], an archaeological site[46], in Turkmenistan[47]; Alexander Romance[48], a written work[49], written by various authors[50]; İskenderun[51], a city[52], in Turkey[53]; Albanian lek[54]; and Alexander Sarcophagus[55].

FAQs

Where was Alexander the Great born?

Alexander the Great was born in Pella[2].

Where did Alexander the Great die?

Alexander the Great died in Babylon[4].

Who were Alexander the Great's parents?

Alexander the Great's father was Philip II of Macedon[10]. Alexander the Great's mother was Olympias[11].

Who was Alexander the Great married to?

Alexander the Great's spouses include Roxana[12], Stateira[13], and Parysatis II[14].

What did Alexander the Great do for work?

Alexander the Great worked as a politician[5], military leader[6], and monarch[7].

Who did Alexander the Great influence?

Alexander the Great has been cited as an influence by Friedrich Nietzsche[60] and Nikos Kazantzakis[65].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [2] ↑ . books.google.com. books.google.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  2. [4] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  3. [25] ↑ . Dictionary of African Biography. wikidata.org.
  4. [10] ↑ . Alexander. wikidata.org.
  5. [11] ↑ . Alexander. wikidata.org.
  6. [12] ↑ . Q24484129. wikidata.org.
  7. [13] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  8. [14] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  9. [17] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  10. [20] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  11. [21] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  12. [15] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  13. [16] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  14. [26] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  15. [27] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  16. [28] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  17. [18] ↑ . Czech National Authority Database. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  18. [19] ↑ . Czech National Authority Database. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  19. [5] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  20. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  21. [7] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  22. [9] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  23. [22] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  24. [23] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  25. [29] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  26. [30] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  27. [31] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  28. [32] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  29. [33] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  30. [34] ↑ . British Museum person-institution thesaurus. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  31. [35] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  32. [36] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  33. [1] ↑ . Life of Alexander the Great. wikidata.org.
  34. [3] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  35. [37] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  36. [38] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  37. [24] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  38. [39] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  39. [40] ↑ . wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [60] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [65] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [41] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [45] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [48] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [51] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [54] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  8. [55] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  9. [56] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  10. [57] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [61] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [62] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [63] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [64] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [66] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [67] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [68] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  8. [69] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  9. [70] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  10. [42] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  11. [43] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  12. [44] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  13. [46] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  14. [47] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  15. [49] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  16. [50] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  17. [52] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  18. [53] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [8] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [58] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [59] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 2d ago · Printstream · 2026-10-14 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14966 → 1790207
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/59775|batch #59775]]: Import P14966"
  2. 11d ago · Printstream · 2026-10-06 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Maintained by wikiproject → WikiProject Biography, WikiProject Core biographies, WikiProject Military biography +14
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbeditentity-update-languages-short:0||de */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/57891|batch #57891]]: Import missing aliases from dewiki 1/5"
  3. 13d ago · Treisijs · 2026-10-03 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Sitelink count → 262
    Maintained by wikiproject → WikiProject Biography, WikiProject Core biographies, WikiProject Military biography +14
    Central library of volos authority id → 39456, 5564
    Wikipedia languages → ['ab', 'ace', 'ady', 'af', 'als', 'am', 'an', 'ang', 'ann', 'anp', 'ar', 'arc',
    + 1 other property edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Maintained by wikiproject: WikiProject Biography"
  4. 4w ago · Nikosguard · 2026-09-17 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Central library of volos authority id → 39456, 5564
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Central library of volos authority id: 39456, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/145142348|Alexander the Great (#145142348)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/"
  5. 4w ago · DifoolBot bot · 2026-09-14 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Viaf cluster id → 88742742, 101353608, 281151028 +17
    "/* wbeditentity-statements-single-property-update:1||9 */ Viaf cluster id, VIAF de-conflation, added Viaf cluster id, changed Viaf cluster id ([[:toolforge:editgroups/b/CB/2e403a65b045|details]]"
  6. 4w ago · Frettiebot bot · 2026-09-13 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Field of work → politics, military affairs
    "/* wbeditentity-statements-single-property-add:1||2 */ Field of work, Update NK ČR – P101"
  7. 8w ago · Mahirtwofivesix · 2026-08-18 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Babelnet id → 00002612n
    Arabic ontology lexical concept id → 151058784
    "/* wbeditentity-statements-multiple-properties-update:0||4 */ added/modified IDs mapped to WordNet 3.1"
  8. 10w ago · Ronald Weiss · 2026-08-06 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Described by source → Small Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition +21
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Described by source: Bibliotheca Chemica: a Catalogue of the Alchemical, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Books in the Collection of the Late James Young of Kelly and Durris, A"
  9. 11w ago · Kirilloparma · 2026-07-25 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14470 → Characters/Alexander_the_Great
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ P14470: Characters/Alexander_the_Great, Adding missing [[P:P14470|P14470]] and [[P:P9675|P9675]] qualifier based on [[P:P5247|P5247]]"
  10. 12w ago · Pierrotrgr · 2026-07-24 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Biblissima authority id → vanadium
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Biblissima authority id: Q722, Import ID Biblissima V3 ([[:toollabs:editgroups/b/OR/a6710164cdc|details]])"
  11. 14w ago · Nyuhn · 2026-07-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14541 → 3p9w4i
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/40849|batch #40849]]: ZGBK ID"
  12. 14w ago · Printstream · 2026-07-05 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14608 → 118501828
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14608: 118501828, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1783130387391"
  13. 15w ago · Printstream · 2026-07-02 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14585 → 45855
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14585: 45855, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1782930557898"
  14. 15w ago · Daieuxetdailleurs · 2026-06-28 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Francearchives agent id → 301264953
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Francearchives agent id: 301264953, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1782644922236"
  15. 16w ago · Printstream · 2026-06-26 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14536 → 343289
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14536: 343289, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1782462304762"
  16. 16w ago · Susmuffin · 2026-06-23 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Harper's tag → alexander-the-great
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Harper's tag: alexander-the-great, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/289912618|alexander the great (#289912618)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7915"
  17. 17w ago · Bargioni · 2026-06-17 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Parsifal cluster id → 287038
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/37018|batch #37018]]: add P1810 to P12458"
  18. 18w ago · MariuszRokin · 2026-06-12 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Svkkl authority id → p0106057-Alexandr-Veliky-356-pr-Kr323-pr-Kr
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Svkkl authority id: p0106057-Alexandr-Veliky-356-pr-Kr323-pr-Kr, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259599|batch #259599]]"
  19. 18w ago · MariuszRokin · 2026-06-07 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Parsifal cluster id → 287038
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Parsifal cluster id: 84028, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259387|batch #259387]]"
  20. 19w ago · MariuszRokin · 2026-06-02 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Redba granada authority id → 113067
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Redba granada authority id: 113067, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259265|batch #259265]]"
  21. 21w ago · Quesotiotyo · 2026-05-20 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14397 → 71
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ P14397: 71, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/290067893|Alexander III (#290067893)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7918|‎Darwin Correspondents"
  22. 22w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-05-13 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Cerl thesaurus id → cnp01259691, cnp01319068
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/30851|batch #30851]]: match CERL IDs on the basis of GND (7)"
  23. 22w ago · JBradyK · 2026-05-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Significant place → Macedonia
    Local thumb → —
    Sancho el sabio foundation id → 194216
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Significant place: Macedonia, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1778415012167"
  24. 23w ago · Gerwoman · 2026-05-06 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Sancho el sabio foundation id → 194216
    Local thumb → —
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/30386|batch #30386]]"
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