Al-Ghazali

Persian Sunni Muslim scholar and mystic (c.1058–1111)
Person human Q9546
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Summary

Al-Ghazali was born on January 1, 1058[1], in Tus[2]. He died on December 19, 1111[3], in Tus[4]. He worked as a philosopher[5], mutakallim[6], autobiographer[7], poet[8], and Islamic jurist[9]. He ranks in the top 0.62% of human entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (12,595 views/month, #6,219 of 1,000,298).[10]

Key Facts

  • Date of birth: 1056[11]
  • Date of death: 1111[12]
  • Place of burial: Mashhad[13]
  • Country of citizenship: Seljuk Empire[14]
  • Occupation: journal editor[15], journalist[16], Sufi[17], theologian[18]
  • Field of work: Islamic philosophy[19], Sufism[20], Ilm al-Kalam[21], Islamic ethics[22]
  • Employer: Nizamiyya of Baghdad[23]
  • Student: Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi[24]
  • Notable work: The Alchemy of Happiness[25], The Incoherence of the Philosophers[26], The Revival of the Religious Sciences[27], The Moderation in Belief[28], On Legal theory of Muslim Jurisprudence[29]
  • Religion or worldview: Islam[30], Sunni Islam[31], Sufism[32], Ash'ari[33]
  • Sex or gender: male[34]
  • Commons category: Al-Ghazali[35]
  • Residence: Nishapur[36], Baghdad[37], Damascus[38], Jerusalem[39]
  • Given name: Muhammad[40]
  • Topic's main category: Category:Al-Ghazali[41]
  • Work location: Syria[42]
  • Student of: Al-Juwayni[43], Abū ‘Alī al-Fadl b. Muhammad al-Fāramidhī[44]

Body

Works and Contributions

Things named for Al-Ghazali include Haruniyeh Mausoleum[45].

Why It Matters

Al-Ghazali has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[46] He is known by 66 alternative names across languages and contexts.[47]

He has been cited as an influence by Thomas Aquinas[48], a theologian[49], 1225–1274[50], specialised in philosophy[51]; Averroes[52], a philosopher[53], 1126–1198[54], specialised in Islamic philosophy[55]; Sadegh Zibakalam[56], a politician[57], b. 1948[58], of Iran[59], specialised in chemical engineering[60]; Sidi Abderrahmane ath-Thaalibi[61], an ulema[62], 1384–1479[63]; Abu-l-Qasim Ahmad ibn al-Husayn ibn Qasi[64], an imam[65], of Taifa of Silves[66]; and Mohammed ibn Hajj al-Tilimsani[67], a writer[68].

Works attributed to him include The Incoherence of the Philosophers[69], a literary work[70]; The Revival of the Religious Sciences[71]; The Alchemy of Happiness[72]; The Beginning of Guidance[73]; The Moderation in Belief[74]; and The Aims of the Philosophers[75]. Entities named for him include Haruniyeh Mausoleum[45].

FAQs

Where was Al-Ghazali born?

Al-Ghazali's place of birth was Tus[2].

Where did Al-Ghazali die?

Al-Ghazali passed away in Tus[4].

What did Al-Ghazali do for work?

Al-Ghazali worked as a philosopher[5], mutakallim[6], autobiographer[7], poet[8], and Islamic jurist[9].

Who did Al-Ghazali influence?

Al-Ghazali has been cited as an influence by Thomas Aquinas[48], Averroes[52], Sadegh Zibakalam[56], and Sidi Abderrahmane ath-Thaalibi[61].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [2] ↑ . Encyclopædia Iranica. wikidata.org.
  2. [4] ↑ . Encyclopædia Iranica. wikidata.org.
  3. [34] ↑ . BnF authorities. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  4. [14] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  5. [19] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  6. [20] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  7. [21] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  8. [22] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  9. [5] ↑ . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  10. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  11. [7] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  12. [8] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  13. [9] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  14. [15] ↑ . Tārīkh al-Ṣiḥāfah al-ʿArabīyah. projectjaraid.github.io. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  15. [16] ↑ . Tārīkh al-Ṣiḥāfah al-ʿArabīyah. projectjaraid.github.io. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  16. [17] ↑ . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  17. [18] ↑ . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  18. [23] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  19. [13] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  20. [30] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  21. [31] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  22. [32] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  23. [33] ↑ . lesclesdumoyenorient.com. lesclesdumoyenorient.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  24. [35] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  25. [36] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  26. [37] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  27. [38] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  28. [39] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  29. [1] ↑ . Q80214076. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  30. [11] ↑ . Archive.org. wikidata.org.
  31. [3] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  32. [12] ↑ . Q80214076. wikidata.org.
  33. [40] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  34. [25] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  35. [26] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  36. [27] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  37. [28] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  38. [29] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  39. [24] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  40. [41] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  41. [42] ↑ . hdl.handle.net. Retrieved . hdl.handle.net. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  42. [43] ↑ . Encyclopædia Iranica. wikidata.org.
  43. [44] ↑ . Encyclopaedia of Islam. wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [48] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [52] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [56] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [61] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [64] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [67] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [69] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  8. [71] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  9. [72] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  10. [73] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  11. [74] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  12. [75] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  13. [45] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [49] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [50] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [51] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [53] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [54] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [55] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [57] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  8. [58] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  9. [59] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  10. [60] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  11. [62] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  12. [63] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  13. [65] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  14. [66] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  15. [68] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  16. [70] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [10] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [46] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [47] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

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Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Al-Ghazali. Retrieved October 14, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/al-ghazali
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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 1d ago · AntiDerangedKhanTengriAction · 2026-10-14 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Open library id → OL1471A, OL7456521A, OL6367785A +2
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Open library id: OL5501125A, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/290734|batch #290734]]"
  2. 1d ago · AntiDerangedKhanTengriAction · 2026-10-14 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Open library id → OL1471A, OL7456521A, OL6367785A +2
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Open library id: OL5557379A, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/290734|batch #290734]]"
  3. 1d ago · AntiDerangedKhanTengriAction · 2026-10-14 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Wikipedia languages → ['af', 'als', 'am', 'an', 'ar', 'arz', 'as', 'ast', 'az', 'azb', 'ba', 'bat_smg'
    Open library id → OL1471A, OL7456521A, OL6367785A +2
    Sitelink count → 145
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Open library id: OL6367785A, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/290734|batch #290734]]"
  4. 9d ago · ShafiNotes · 2026-10-06 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Sitelink count → 145
    Wikipedia languages → ['af', 'als', 'am', 'an', 'ar', 'arz', 'as', 'ast', 'az', 'azb', 'ba', 'bat_smg'
    Image url → —
    Image artist → —
    + 6 other properties edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Image: أبو حامد الغزالي.png"
  5. 28d ago · Bargioni · 2026-09-16 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Parsifal cluster id → 36741
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/54436|batch #54436]]: sync P12458"
  6. 4w ago · StorchPDF · 2026-09-15 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Parsifal cluster id → 36741
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Parsifal cluster id: 338664, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/273779|batch #273779]]"
  7. 5w ago · Bodhisattwa · 2026-09-04 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Image → Al-Ghazali by Khalil Gibran.png, أبو حامد الغزالي.png
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1 */ Image: Al-Ghazali by Khalil Gibran.png"
  8. 8w ago · ForzaGreen · 2026-08-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Described by source → Gran Enciclopedia Galega Silverio Cañada, Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron, Small Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary +9
    "/* wbsetreference-add:2| */ Occupation: philosopher, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/269159|batch #269159]]"
  9. 10w ago · ZI Jony · 2026-08-06 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14688 → 60309, 34385
    P14739 → shye6nvx
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ P14739: shye6nvx"
  10. 11w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-07-30 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14688 → 60309, 34385
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14688: 60309, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/262250|batch #262250]]"
  11. 11w ago · Bargioni · 2026-07-23 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Parsifal cluster id → 36741
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/43391|batch #43391]]: sync P12458"
  12. 12w ago · Pierrotrgr · 2026-07-22 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Biblissima authority id → Antares
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Biblissima authority id: Q12166, Import ID Biblissima V2 ([[:toollabs:editgroups/b/OR/74d891b831c|details]])"
  13. 13w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-07-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14611 → 8851, 11305, 121524
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14611: 121524, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/260288|batch #260288]]"
  14. 13w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-07-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14611 → 8851, 11305, 121524
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14611: 8851, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/260256|batch #260256]]"
  15. 15w ago · Bargioni · 2026-07-01 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Parsifal cluster id → 36741
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/39443|batch #39443]]: sync P12458"
  16. 15w ago · Daieuxetdailleurs · 2026-06-28 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Francearchives agent id → 301267921
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Francearchives agent id: 301267921, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1782644922236"
  17. 15w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-06-28 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Edit16 catalogue author id → 359
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Edit16 catalogue author id: 359, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/107816688|Abu Hamid Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Tusi al-*Gazzali (#107816688)]] in [[:toollabs:mix"
  18. 15w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-06-27 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Parsifal cluster id → 36741
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Parsifal cluster id: 338664, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259865|batch #259865]]"
  19. 18w ago · Jindřich Rubeš · 2026-06-11 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Svkkl authority id → 0220925-alGhazzali-Abu-Hamid-Muhammad-Ibn-Ahmad-10581111
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Svkkl authority id: 0220925-alGhazzali-Abu-Hamid-Muhammad-Ibn-Ahmad-10581111, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259499|batch #259499]]"
  20. 18w ago · MariuszRokin · 2026-06-07 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Parsifal cluster id → 36741
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Parsifal cluster id: 129663, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259387|batch #259387]]"
  21. 20w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-05-22 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Occupation → philosopher, mutakallim, autobiographer +6
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/32155|batch #32155]]: import P21 and P106 from GND (37)"
  22. 22w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-05-13 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Local thumb → —
    Cerl thesaurus id → cnp00394852, cnp01317297
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/30855|batch #30855]]: match CERL IDs on the basis of GND (9)"
  23. 22w ago · ~2026-27639-75 · 2026-05-07 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Bibale id → 100415
    Local thumb → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Bibale id: 100415"
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