William Kruskal

American mathematician (1919–2005)
Person human Q1398917
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William Kruskal

Summary

William Kruskal is a human[1]. His place of birth was New York City[2]. He was born on October 10, 1919[3]. He died in Chicago[4]. He died on April 21, 2005[5]. He worked as a mathematician[6], statistician[7], and university teacher[8]. He ranks in the top 0.73% of human entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (66 views/month, #7,270 of 1,000,298).[9]

Key Facts

  • Born in New York City[2], William Kruskal…
  • William Kruskal died in Chicago[4].
  • William Kruskal was born on October 10, 1919[3].
  • William Kruskal died on April 21, 2005[5].
  • William Kruskal is buried at Waterville Cemetery[10].
  • William Kruskal's mother was Lillian Oppenheimer[11].
  • William Kruskal held citizenship in United States[12].
  • William Kruskal worked as a mathematician[6].
  • William Kruskal's professions included statistician[7].
  • William Kruskal worked as a university teacher[8].
  • William Kruskal held the position of chairperson[13].
  • William Kruskal held the position of chairperson[14].
  • William Kruskal was employed by University of Chicago[15].
  • William Kruskal was employed by Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division[16].
  • Among William Kruskal's employers was United States Navy[17].
  • William Kruskal's education included a stint at Harvard University[18].
  • William Kruskal's education included a stint at Columbia University[19].
  • William Kruskal was educated at Lincoln High School[20].
  • William Kruskal was educated at Antioch College[21].
  • William Kruskal's doctoral advisor was Henry Scheffé[22].
  • William Kruskal's doctoral advisor was Howard Levene[23].
  • A notable work attributed to William Kruskal is Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance[24].
  • A notable work attributed to William Kruskal is Goodman and Kruskal's lambda[25].
  • A notable work attributed to William Kruskal is Goodman and Kruskal's gamma[26].
  • A notable work attributed to William Kruskal is Q12258648[27].

Body

Origins and Family

William Kruskal's place of birth was New York City[2]. He was born on October 10, 1919[3]. His mother was Lillian Oppenheimer[11].

Education

Educated at Harvard University[18], a private university[28], in United States[29], founded in 1636[30], headquartered in Cambridge[31]; Columbia University[19], a private university[32], in United States[33], founded in 1754[34], headquartered in Manhattan[35]; Lincoln High School[20], a high school[36], in United States[37]; and Antioch College[21], a liberal arts college in the United States[38], in United States[39], founded in 1850[40]. Doctoral advisors include Henry Scheffé[22], a statistician[41], 1907–1977[42], of United States[43], awarded the Guggenheim Fellowship[44] and Howard Levene[23], a statistician[45], 1914–2003[46], of United States[47], awarded the Fellow of the American Statistical Association[48], specialised in genetics[49].

Career and Affiliations

Recorded occupations include mathematician[6], statistician[7], and university teacher[8]. Employers include University of Chicago[15], a private university[50], in United States[51], founded in 1890[52], headquartered in Chicago[53]; Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division[16], a military installation[54], in United States[55], founded in 1918[56]; and United States Navy[17], a navy[57], in United States[58], founded in 1775[59], headquartered in The Pentagon[60]. Positions held include chairperson[13], a type of position[61]. Doctoral students include John J. Wiorkowski[62], 1943–2024[63], of United States[64]; Johannes Hendrik Venter[65], b. 1938[66]; Charles Land[67], a statistician[68], 1937–2018[69], of United States[70], awarded the Fellow of the American Statistical Association[71], specialised in medical statistics[72]; and Beverley Douglas Causey[73].

Works and Contributions

Notable works include Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance[24], Goodman and Kruskal's lambda[25], Goodman and Kruskal's gamma[26], and Q12258648[27]. Things named for William Kruskal include Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance[74], a statistical test[75] and Goodman and Kruskal's gamma[76], a correlation coefficient[77].

Recognition

Awards received include Guggenheim Fellowship[78], a fellowship grant[79], in United States[80], founded in 1925[81]; Wilks Memorial Award[82], an award[83], in United States[84], founded in 1964[85]; Fellow of the American Statistical Association[86], a statistics award[87]; and Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics[88].

Death and Burial

William Kruskal died on April 21, 2005[5]. He passed away in Chicago[4]. The cause of death was pneumonia[89]. Burial took place at Waterville Cemetery[10].

Why It Matters

William Kruskal ranks in the top 0.73% of human entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (66 views/month, #7,270 of 1,000,298).[9] He has Wikipedia articles in 9 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[90] He is known by 6 alternative names across languages and contexts.[91]

He is credited with the discovery of Goodman and Kruskal's gamma[92], a correlation coefficient[93]. Entities named for him include Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance[74], a statistical test[75] and Goodman and Kruskal's gamma[76], a correlation coefficient[77].

FAQs

Where was William Kruskal born?

Born in New York City[2], William Kruskal…

Where did William Kruskal die?

William Kruskal died in Chicago[4].

Who were William Kruskal's parents?

William Kruskal's mother was Lillian Oppenheimer[11].

What did William Kruskal do for work?

William Kruskal worked as mathematician[6], statistician[7], and university teacher[8].

Where did William Kruskal go to school?

William Kruskal was educated at Harvard University[18], Columbia University[19], Lincoln High School[20], and Antioch College[21].

What awards did William Kruskal receive?

Honors received include Guggenheim Fellowship[78], Wilks Memorial Award[82], Fellow of the American Statistical Association[86], and Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics[88].

What did William Kruskal discover?

William Kruskal is credited as discoverer of Goodman and Kruskal's gamma[92].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [2] . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  2. [4] . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  3. [11] . wikidata.org.
  4. [12] . wikidata.org.
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  6. [14] . wikidata.org.
  7. [18] . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. jstor.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  8. [19] . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  9. [20] . jstor.org. jstor.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  10. [21] . jstor.org. jstor.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
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  12. [7] . wikidata.org.
  13. [8] . wikidata.org.
  14. [15] . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  15. [16] . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  16. [17] . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  17. [10] . Find a Grave. wikidata.org.
  18. [78] . Guggenheim Fellows database. wikidata.org.
  19. [82] . wikidata.org.
  20. [86] . Fellows of the American Statistical Association database. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  21. [88] . Scientific Legacy Database. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  22. [22] . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  23. [23] . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  24. [62] . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  25. [65] . Mathematics Genealogy Project. wikidata.org.
  26. [67] . ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. wikidata.org.
  27. [73] . ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. wikidata.org.
  28. [89] . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. wikidata.org.
  29. [3] . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  30. [5] . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  31. [24] . wikidata.org.
  32. [25] . wikidata.org.
  33. [26] . wikidata.org.
  34. [27] . wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [92] . wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [74] . wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [76] . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [61] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [28] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [29] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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  51. [75] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  52. [77] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Class ancestry

  1. [1] . Wikidata. wikidata.org.

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [9] . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [90] . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [91] . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

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APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). William Kruskal. Retrieved April 10, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/william-kruskal
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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 14d ago · Epìdosis · 2026-05-18 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Instance of
    Cause of death pneumonia
    Country of citizenship United States
    Manner of death natural causes
    + 28 other properties edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/31721|batch #31721]]: import P21 and P106 from GND (17)"
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