# Yongzheng Emperor

> emperor of Qing-dynasty China from 1722 to 1735 (1678–1735)

**Wikidata**: [Q317839](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317839)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongzheng_Emperor)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/yongzheng-emperor

## Summary
Yongzheng Emperor was a human and the ruler of the Qing dynasty, a Manchu-led dynasty of China, reigning from 1722 to 1735. Born in 1678 and dying in 1735, he was a member of the House of Aisin Gioro and served as the sovereign head of state during a pivotal era in Chinese history. His reign is historically significant as part of the dynasty that marked the last imperial rule in China before the rise of the Republic of China.

## Biography
- **Born**: December 13, 1678 (also noted as January 1, 1678 in some records)
- **Nationality**: Chinese (Citizenship: Qing dynasty)
- **Education**: Not specified in source material
- **Known for**: Serving as the emperor of Qing-dynasty China from 1722 to 1735
- **Employer(s)**: Qing dynasty (House of Aisin Gioro)
- **Field(s)**: Ruler, Sovereign, Imperial Administration

## Contributions
As the sovereign of the Qing dynasty, Yongzheng Emperor's primary contribution was the administration and governance of the empire during his specific reign era, known as the Yongzheng Era.
- **Establishment of the Yongzheng Era**: He created and utilized the "Yongzheng" era name, a specific Chinese era name associated with his rule.
- **Imperial Governance**: As a ruler, he maintained the complex administrative structures of the Qing dynasty, including the Great Qing Code and the Eight Banners system.
- **Cultural Stewardship**: His reign occurred during a period that produced major literary and scientific works, including the *Siku Quanshu* and the *Kangxi Dictionary*, though these were initiated or compiled during the broader dynasty timeline.
- **Diplomatic and Military Oversight**: His tenure was part of the dynasty's timeline that saw the Treaty of Nerchinsk (1689) and the management of internal security through the Eight Banners and the Ever Victorious Army.

## FAQs
**Who was the Yongzheng Emperor?**
Yongzheng Emperor was a human and the ruler of the Qing dynasty, a Manchu-led dynasty of China, who reigned from 1722 to 1735. He was a member of the House of Aisin Gioro and is identified as a key figure in the last imperial dynasty of China.

**When did the Yongzheng Emperor live and rule?**
He was born in 1678 and died in 1735, specifically passing away on October 8, 1735. His reign as emperor spanned the years 1722 to 1735, situated between the Kangxi and Qianlong eras.

**What titles and names were associated with the Yongzheng Emperor?**
He was known by the era name "Yongzheng" and held the posthumous title "Jingtian Changyun Jianzhong Biaozheng Zhengwen Wuying Mingkuan Renxin Yi Rui Sheng Daxiao Zhicheng Xian Huangdi." His personal names included "Yinzhen" and "Yin Zhen" (in Manchu script: ᡳᠨ ᠵᡝᠨ), and he used pseudonyms such as "Pochen Jushi" (破塵居士) and "Siyi Tang" (四宜堂).

**What was the political context of his reign?**
He ruled during the Qing dynasty, which was established in 1644 and lasted until 1912. His reign was part of a timeline that included the preceding Kangxi era and the succeeding Qianlong era, within a state governed by the Great Qing Code and the Eight Banners system.

## Why They Matter
The Yongzheng Emperor matters because he was a central figure in the House of Aisin Gioro, the imperial house that ruled the last imperial dynasty of China. His reign represents a critical segment of the Qing dynasty's nearly three-century rule, a period that shaped the governance, legal structures, and cultural output of China for centuries. Without his leadership during the 1722–1735 period, the continuity of the dynasty's administrative and military systems, such as the Eight Banners and the Great Qing Code, might have been disrupted. His era name and rule are integral to the historical timeline that includes major events like the Treaty of Nerchinsk and the eventual transition to the Republic of China.

## Notable For
- **Reign Duration**: Ruled as emperor of Qing-dynasty China specifically from 1722 to 1735.
- **Imperial Lineage**: A member of the House of Aisin Gioro, the ruling family of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty.
- **Era Name**: Creator and namesake of the "Yongzheng Era," a distinct period in Chinese history.
- **Posthumous Title**: Held the extensive honorific title "Jingtian Changyun Jianzhong Biaozheng Zhengwen Wuying Mingkuan Renxin Yi Rui Sheng Daxiao Zhicheng Xian Huangdi."
- **Pseudonyms**: Known by literary and personal aliases including "Pochen Jushi" (破塵居士), "Pochen Yanshi" (破塵硯士), and "Siyi Tang" (四宜堂).
- **Historical Timeline**: His life (1678–1735) and reign bridged the early consolidation and later expansion of the Qing dynasty.
- **Administrative Role**: Served as the sovereign head of state under the Great Qing Code and the Eight Banners system.

## Body
### Early Life and Identity
Yongzheng Emperor was a human being, a unique member of the *Homo sapiens* species. He was born in 1678, with specific dates recorded as December 13, 1678, and January 1, 1678. He was a citizen of the Qing dynasty, a Manchu-led state that ruled China from 1644 to 1912. His personal identity is linked to the House of Aisin Gioro, the imperial family of the dynasty. In Manchu script, his name is recorded as ᡳᠨ ᠵᡝᠨ (Yin Zhen), and in Chinese characters as 胤禛. He also held the temple name "Shizong" (世宗) and used the Manchu title ᡧᡳᡯ᠊ᡠ᠊ᠩ.

### Reign and Era
His primary role was that of a ruler, specifically the emperor of the Qing dynasty. He ascended to the throne in 1722 and ruled until his death in 1735. This period is historically designated as the "Yongzheng Era," a Chinese era name associated with his country of rule. His reign was a continuation of the dynasty's timeline, which included other era names such as Kangxi, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, Xianfeng, Tongzhi, Guangxu, and Xuantong. The dynasty itself was preceded by the Ming and Yuan dynasties and succeeded by the Republic of China.

### Death and Legacy
Yongzheng Emperor died in 1735, with specific dates noted as October 8, 1735, and generally as 1735. His death marked the end of his specific reign, leading to the succession of the Qianlong Emperor. His life and rule are documented with various identifiers, including Wikidata ID Q1097498 and multiple library catalog numbers such as 0000000077291046 and 20599972. He is listed in biographical databases with the title "Yongzheng Emperor" and is associated with the Wikipedia article of the same name.

### Administrative and Cultural Context
Although specific personal works are not detailed, his reign occurred within a dynasty that produced significant cultural and scientific achievements. The Qing dynasty, under which he ruled, was responsible for the *Siku Quanshu*, a comprehensive encyclopedia, and the *Kangxi Dictionary*, a major character dictionary. The legal system during his time was codified in the Great Qing Code. The military and security organizations included the Eight Banners system, which consisted of the Plain Yellow, Plain White, Plain Red, Plain Blue, Bordered Yellow, Bordered White, Bordered Red, and Bordered Blue banners. The dynasty also established the Ever Victorious Army.

### Historical Events and Geography
The territory under his rule covered a vast area including modern-day China, Mongolia, and parts of Siberia. The capital was Beijing, historically known as Shuntian Fu. His reign was part of a timeline that saw major events such as the Treaty of Nerchinsk (1689) with Russia, the Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864), and the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895). The dynasty also faced the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945), though this occurred after his death, it is part of the broader historical narrative of the Qing era. The society during this time practiced customs such as foot binding and maintained a complex social hierarchy.

### Personal Names and Titles
Beyond his imperial title, he was known by several specific names and pseudonyms. These include "Langkou Jinge" (朗口金閣), "Pochen Jushi" (破塵居士), "Pochen Yanshi" (破塵硯士), and "Siyi Tang" (四宜堂). His full posthumous title was "Jingtian Changyun Jianzhong Biaozheng Zhengwen Wuying Mingkuan Renxin Yi Rui Sheng Daxiao Zhicheng Xian Huangdi" (敬天昌運建中表正文武英明寬仁信毅睿聖大孝至誠憲皇帝). In Chinese, he is referred to as 雍正 (Yongzheng) and 雍正帝 (Yongzheng Di). In Korean, he is known as 옹정제.

### Data and Identification
The entity is identified by numerous unique codes and links across various databases. These include P18 (Emperor Yongzheng.PNG), P213 (0000000077291046), P214 (20599972), P227 (123855888), and P244 (n82049591). Other identifiers include P245 (500372570), P268 (150884921), P269 (140886206), and P271 (DA0863776X). He is also linked to P349 (00624529), P373 (Yongzheng Emperor), and P497 (0063801). Additional codes include P569 (birth dates), P570 (death dates), P646 (/m/01ndc6), and P691 (jo2006333801). The list extends to P906 (333533), P973 (biografiasyvidas link), P1005 (254157), P1006 (140615180), and P1015 (98070635). Further identifiers include P1185 (839512), P1187 (A000212), P1248 (6d042b1d-9d79-49c8-9d1e-d50021bfa15e), P1315 (442617), P1368 (000222912), P1417 (biography/Yongzheng), P1451 (雍正), P1472 (Yongzheng Emperor), and P1477 (Manchu/Chinese names). The data also includes P1559 (雍正), P1711 (132264), P1785 (Shizong), P1786 (Full posthumous title), P1787 (Pseudonyms), P1819 (I00441457), P1871 (cnp02144642, cnp01390295), P2163 (90364), P2600 (6000000009796617943), P2949 (愛新覺羅-154), P3782 (emperor-yongzheng), P3987 (696421), P5034 (KAC201620443), P5587 (75knt3br5b6xnmz), P5909 (9811105416603406), P6404 (yongzheng), P6702 (px1hia5sz16cefpx, tnrcu2f9pcpw6f5n), P6705 (007194), P7369 (000238266), P7545 (11216788), P7786 (T93-731), P7847 (021039691313), P8034 (495/307838), P8179 (ncf11956579), P8189 (987007276733105171), P8885 (Korean name), P9545 (225916), P9613 (455057), P10227 (vtls001263948), P10297 (m01ndc6), P10307 (AC000229570), P10489 (22599), P10565 (449329), P10832 (E39PBJxcRftJkYCDJGjXFPPvpP), P11196 (雍正), P11408 (雍正帝), P11496 (1140845216596715904), P11514 (in-chzhen-4636f0), P11835 (46), P13030 (person/8869), P13591 (person/a3b2063b-d09c-4978-a1f0-7dd1341c5d53), and P14178 (jo2006333801).

## References

1. China Biographical Database
2. The Search for Modern China
3. The Rise of Modern China, Sixth Edition
4. BnF authorities
5. Virtual International Authority File
6. CiNii Research
7. Encyclopædia Britannica Online
8. [Source](https://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/y/yongzheng.htm)
9. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
10. LIBRIS. 2013