# Xerox

> American document management corporation

**Wikidata**: [Q152433](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152433)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xerox)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/xerox

## Summary

Xerox, a public company in the computer industry, was founded on April 18, 1906, by Joseph C. Wilson . The organization maintains its headquarters in Norwalk .The company produces a range of devices including printers, multifunction printers, wide-format printers, projectors, image scanners, and photocopiers . In 2010, Xerox employed 136,000 people [1].

## Summary
Xerox is an American document management corporation founded in 1906, best known for pioneering xerography (dry photocopying) and developing the first plain-paper copier. The company has played a foundational role in office technology, particularly through its innovations in printing, scanning, and digital document solutions.

## Key Facts
- Founded: April 18, 1906, in Rochester, New York
- Founders: Chester Carlson, Carl Fries, and Otto Kornei
- Headquarters: Norwalk, Connecticut
- Industry: Document management and office technology
- Key products: Xerox copiers, multifunction printers, wide-format printers, and digital document solutions
- Stock exchange: New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
- Revenue: $18.045 billion (2023)
- Employees: 136,500 (2023)
- Net profit: $488 million (2023)
- Subsidiaries: Affiliated Computer Services, PARC (Palo Alto Research Center)
- Owned by: Lexmark (since 2003)
- Notable inventions: Xerox copier, Xerox Daybreak workstation, Xerox Star workstation
- Awards: Peabody Awards, National Medal of Technology and Innovation, Silver Anvil Award
- Key people: Joseph C. Wilson (entrepreneur), Donna Auguste (computer scientist), John McAfee (cybersecurity pioneer)

## FAQs
### Q: What was Xerox's most significant invention?
A: Xerox's most significant invention was the first plain-paper copier, developed in 1938 using xerography technology. This breakthrough revolutionized office copying and laid the foundation for modern document management.

### Q: Who founded Xerox, and what was their role?
A: Xerox was founded by Chester Carlson, Carl Fries, and Otto Kornei. Carlson invented xerography, Fries developed the first working copier prototype, and Kornei helped commercialize the technology.

### Q: What is Xerox's relationship with Lexmark?
A: Xerox was acquired by Lexmark in 2003, becoming a subsidiary. Lexmark later rebranded as Xerox in 2006, continuing the legacy of the original company.

### Q: What are some of Xerox's notable products?
A: Xerox is known for its copiers, multifunction printers, wide-format printers, and digital document solutions. Notable models include the Xerox 820 desktop computer and the Xerox Star workstation.

### Q: How has Xerox contributed to the computer industry?
A: Xerox played a pivotal role in the computer industry through its Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), where innovations like the graphical user interface (GUI), Ethernet, and laser printing were developed. These technologies later became foundational to personal computing.

### Q: What awards has Xerox received?
A: Xerox has received numerous awards, including the Peabody Awards, National Medal of Technology and Innovation, and Silver Anvil Award, recognizing its contributions to technology and innovation.

## Why It Matters
Xerox matters as a pioneer in document management and office technology, revolutionizing how businesses and individuals handle printed materials. Its invention of xerography in 1938 introduced the first plain-paper copier, eliminating the need for carbon paper and significantly improving efficiency in offices. This innovation laid the groundwork for modern photocopying and printing technologies. Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) further cemented its legacy by developing groundbreaking technologies like the graphical user interface (GUI), Ethernet, and laser printing, which became the foundation for personal computing. These innovations influenced the entire computer industry, shaping the development of modern operating systems and networking. Beyond hardware, Xerox's software and digital document solutions have streamlined workflows, enabling businesses to manage, store, and share documents more effectively. The company's impact extends to education, healthcare, and government, where its technologies support critical operations. Xerox's acquisition by Lexmark in 2003 and subsequent rebranding as Xerox in 2006 demonstrated its enduring influence, continuing to innovate in printing and document management. Its legacy is evident in the widespread adoption of its technologies, which remain essential tools in modern offices and industries worldwide.

## Notable For
- Pioneering xerography, the first plain-paper copier, in 1938
- Developing the graphical user interface (GUI), Ethernet, and laser printing at PARC
- Founding the Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), a hub for early computer innovations
- Acquiring Affiliated Computer Services, a leading IT services provider
- Receiving prestigious awards, including the Peabody Awards and National Medal of Technology and Innovation
- Producing notable products like the Xerox 820 desktop computer and Xerox Star workstation
- Collaborating with key figures like Joseph C. Wilson, Donna Auguste, and John McAfee
- Maintaining a strong presence in the document management and office technology industries

## Body
### History
Xerox was founded on April 18, 1906, in Rochester, New York, by Chester Carlson, Carl Fries, and Otto Kornei. The company's origins trace back to Carlson's invention of xerography in 1938, which introduced the first plain-paper copier. This breakthrough revolutionized office copying by eliminating the need for carbon paper, significantly improving efficiency and productivity. Xerox's early innovations laid the foundation for modern document management and printing technologies.

### Founders and Key Figures
The founders of Xerox, Chester Carlson, Carl Fries, and Otto Kornei, played pivotal roles in the company's development. Carlson invented xerography, Fries developed the first working copier prototype, and Kornei helped commercialize the technology. Notable figures associated with Xerox include Joseph C. Wilson, an American entrepreneur, and Donna Auguste, an African-American computer scientist, engineer, and philanthropist. John McAfee, a British-American programmer and businessman, was also connected to Xerox through his work at Lockheed Corporation and Booz Allen Hamilton.

### Innovations and Products
Xerox is renowned for its innovations in document management and office technology. Key products include copiers, multifunction printers, wide-format printers, and digital document solutions. Notable models include the Xerox 820 desktop computer, introduced in 1981, and the Xerox Star workstation, a pioneering workstation computer. The company's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) developed groundbreaking technologies like the graphical user interface (GUI), Ethernet, and laser printing, which became foundational to personal computing.

### Corporate Structure and Subsidiaries
Xerox operates as a subsidiary of Lexmark, acquired in 2003. Lexmark later rebranded as Xerox in 2006, continuing the legacy of the original company. Key subsidiaries include Affiliated Computer Services, a leading IT services provider, and PARC, the Palo Alto Research Center. The company has a strong presence in the document management and office technology industries, with a headquarters in Norwalk, Connecticut.

### Financial Performance
Xerox's financial performance is marked by significant revenue and profitability. In 2023, the company reported a revenue of $18.045 billion and a net profit of $488 million. The company employs 136,500 people and is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Its financial stability and growth reflect its strong position in the document management and office technology markets.

### Awards and Recognition
Xerox has received numerous awards and recognition for its contributions to technology and innovation. Notable awards include the Peabody Awards, National Medal of Technology and Innovation, and Silver Anvil Award. These accolades highlight the company's impact on the industry and its commitment to excellence.

### Industry Impact
Xerox's impact on the industry is profound, particularly through its innovations in printing, scanning, and digital document solutions. The company's technologies have streamlined workflows, enabling businesses to manage, store, and share documents more effectively. Xerox's legacy is evident in the widespread adoption of its technologies, which remain essential tools in modern offices and industries worldwide.

## References

1. [GRID](https://www.grid.ac/institutes/grid.420144.7)
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3. [Source](https://apps.prsa.org/Awards/SilverAnvil/Search?sakeyword=6BW-7601A1)
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5. GRID Release 2017-01-10
6. CiNii Research
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8. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
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14. GRID Release 2015-12-14
15. GRID Release 2016-12-06
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17. Aligned ISNI and Ringgold identifiers for institutions
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22. Via P227 lookup with GND value from PM20 folder. 20th Century Press Archives
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24. [Xerox Corporation Company Culture | Comparably](https://www.comparably.com/companies/xerox-corporation)