# Woodrow Wilson

> president of the United States from 1913 to 1921 (1856–1924)

**Wikidata**: [Q34296](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34296)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/woodrow-wilson

## Summary
Woodrow Wilson was the 28th president of the United States, serving from 1913 to 1921. A key figure in American politics and diplomacy, he is best known for his leadership during World War I and his advocacy for the League of Nations. Wilson was also a prominent academic, serving as president of Princeton University and Johns Hopkins University, and a lawyer and political scientist.

## Biography
- Born: December 28, 1856, in Staunton, Virginia
- Nationality: American
- Education: Davidson College (B.A.), Princeton University (Ph.D. in history and political science)
- Known for: Leading the United States through World War I, advocating for the League of Nations, and shaping American foreign policy
- Employer(s): Princeton University, Johns Hopkins University, Federal Trade Commission
- Field(s): Politics, diplomacy, law, political science

## Contributions
- **League of Nations**: Advocated for the establishment of the League of Nations as a means to prevent future wars, though it was not ratified by the U.S. Senate.
- **Fourteen Points**: Outlined a vision for post-war peace and diplomacy, including disarmament, free trade, and self-determination for nations.
- **World War I Leadership**: Guided the U.S. into World War I in 1917, leading to the Allied victory and the Treaty of Versailles.
- **New Freedom**: Launched progressive domestic policies, including antitrust legislation and labor reforms.
- **Wilsonianism**: Developed the idealistic school of international relations, emphasizing democracy, collective security, and moral diplomacy.
- **Princeton University Leadership**: Served as president from 1902 to 1910, overseeing significant academic and institutional growth.
- **Johns Hopkins University Leadership**: Served as president from 1910 to 1913, focusing on research and higher education.
- **Federal Trade Commission**: Appointed as chairman, overseeing antitrust enforcement and consumer protection initiatives.

## FAQs
**What was Woodrow Wilson's most significant achievement as president?**
Wilson's most significant achievement was leading the United States into World War I and advocating for the League of Nations, which aimed to prevent future conflicts through international cooperation.

**Where did Woodrow Wilson receive his education?**
Wilson earned a Bachelor of Arts from Davidson College and a Doctor of Philosophy in history and political science from Princeton University.

**What were Woodrow Wilson's key policies during his presidency?**
Wilson's key policies included the New Freedom, which focused on antitrust legislation, labor reforms, and consumer protection, as well as his advocacy for the League of Nations.

**What is Wilsonianism?**
Wilsonianism is the political ideology and school of international relations developed by Woodrow Wilson, emphasizing democracy, collective security, and moral diplomacy.

**What universities did Woodrow Wilson serve as president?**
Wilson served as president of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and Johns Hopkins University from 1910 to 1913.

**What was the significance of Wilson's Fourteen Points?**
Wilson's Fourteen Points outlined his vision for post-war peace, including disarmament, free trade, and self-determination for nations, which influenced the Treaty of Versailles and later international diplomacy.

## Why They Matter
Woodrow Wilson's leadership during World War I and his advocacy for the League of Nations shaped modern international relations. His idealistic vision of collective security and moral diplomacy influenced global politics for decades. Wilson's domestic policies, such as the New Freedom, also set precedents for progressive reforms in the United States. As a prominent academic and lawyer, he contributed to higher education and legal reform. His legacy continues to be studied in political science and international relations, making him a foundational figure in American and global history.

## Notable For
- First U.S. president to advocate for the League of Nations
- Developer of Wilsonianism, a major school of international relations
- Leader of the U.S. into World War I and the Treaty of Versailles
- President of Princeton and Johns Hopkins Universities
- Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission
- Author of the Fourteen Points, a foundational document in post-war diplomacy
- Advocate for progressive domestic reforms, including antitrust legislation
- Recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize for his diplomatic efforts
- Founding member of the American Philosophical Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

## Body
### Early Life and Education
Woodrow Wilson was born on December 28, 1856, in Staunton, Virginia. He attended Davidson College, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts in 1879. Wilson then pursued higher education at Princeton University, where he earned a Doctor of Philosophy in history and political science in 1886. His academic background laid the foundation for his future career in politics and diplomacy.

### Academic Career
Wilson began his academic career as a professor of history and political science at Princeton University. He later served as the university's president from 1902 to 1910, overseeing significant academic and institutional growth. In 1910, Wilson was appointed president of Johns Hopkins University, where he focused on research and higher education until his presidency in 1913.

### Political Career
Wilson's political career began in New Jersey, where he served in various legislative and executive roles. He was elected governor of New Jersey in 1910 and served until 1913. Wilson's tenure as governor was marked by progressive reforms and his advocacy for labor rights and consumer protection.

### Presidency and World War I
Wilson was elected president in 1912 and served from 1913 to 1921. His presidency was marked by his leadership during World War I. In 1917, Wilson led the U.S. into the war, advocating for the Allied cause. His Fourteen Points outlined a vision for post-war peace, including disarmament, free trade, and self-determination for nations. Wilson's efforts led to the Treaty of Versailles and the establishment of the League of Nations, though the latter was not ratified by the U.S. Senate.

### Domestic Policies
Wilson's domestic policies, known as the New Freedom, focused on progressive reforms. He signed the Clayton Antitrust Act into law, which strengthened antitrust enforcement. Wilson also advocated for labor reforms, including the establishment of the Federal Trade Commission, which he chaired. His policies aimed to promote economic fairness and consumer protection.

### International Relations and Legacy
Wilson's idealistic vision of international relations, known as Wilsonianism, emphasized democracy, collective security, and moral diplomacy. His advocacy for the League of Nations and his leadership during World War I shaped modern international relations. Wilson's legacy continues to be studied in political science and international relations, making him a foundational figure in American and global history.

### Awards and Recognition
Wilson received numerous awards and honors throughout his career. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1919 for his diplomatic efforts during World War I. Wilson was also inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame and received honorary doctorates from various universities, including the University of Paris and the University of Warsaw.

### Affiliations and Memberships
Wilson was a member of several prestigious academic and professional organizations, including the American Philosophical Society, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. He was also affiliated with the American Historical Association and the American Academy of Arts and Letters.

### Personal Life and Death
Wilson married Ellen Axson in 1882, and they had four children together. Wilson's personal life was marked by his commitment to family and his dedication to public service. He passed away on February 3, 1924, in Washington, D.C., leaving a lasting legacy in American politics and diplomacy.

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