# Width estimation of hidden cracks in tunnel lining based on time-frequency analysis of GPR data and back propagation neural network optimized by genetic algorithm

> Research article (Automation in Construction, 2024) · cited 44× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4393193946](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4393193946)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/width-estimation-of-hidden-cracks-in-tunnel-lining-based-on-time-frequency-analysis-of-gpr-data-and-back-propagation-neu