# Why estimation alone causes Markowitz portfolio selection to fail and what we might do about it

> Research article (European Journal of Operational Research, 2021) · cited 17× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W3216542766](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W3216542766)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/why-estimation-alone-causes-markowitz-portfolio-selection-to-fail-and-what-we-might-do-about-it