# Vertical Federated Learning: Concepts, Advances, and Challenges

> Research article (IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 2024) · cited 295× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4391250546](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4391250546)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/vertical-federated-learning-concepts-advances-and-challenges