# Variable surrogate model-based particle swarm optimization for high-dimensional expensive problems

> Research article (Complex & Intelligent Systems, 2022) · cited 87× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4310207716](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4310207716)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/variable-surrogate-model-based-particle-swarm-optimization-for-high-dimensional-expensive-problems