# Using Q methodology to investigate pre-service EFL teachers’ mindsets about teaching competences

> Research article (Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 2018) · cited 71× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2888030987](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2888030987)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/using-q-methodology-to-investigate-pre-service-efl-teachers-mindsets-about-teaching-competences