# University of Pennsylvania

> private research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

**Wikidata**: [Q49117](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49117)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/university-of-pennsylvania


## References

1. [GRID](https://www.grid.ac/institutes/grid.25879.31)
2. Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System
3. [Source](http://www.uchs.net/HistoricDistricts/uofpa.html)
4. A History of the University of Pennsylvania from Its Foundation to A. D. 1770
5. [Source](https://archives.upenn.edu/exhibits/penn-history/brief-history)
6. System for Award Management
7. GRID Release 2017-01-10
8. Virtual International Authority File
9. Library of Congress Name Authority File
10. CiNii Research
11. [Source](https://www.sas.upenn.edu/)
12. [Source](https://web.archive.org/web/20240116123311/https://www.aau.edu/sites/default/files/AAU-Files/Who-We-Are/AAU%20Member%20Universities%20listed%20by%20year_updated%202023.pdf)
13. [Source](https://www.aau.edu/who-we-are/our-members)
14. [Source](https://orcid.org/members/001G000001orc35IAA-university-of-pennsylvania)
15. [Source](https://web.archive.org/web/20231020113811/https://orcid.org/members)
16. [Source](https://www.clir.org/about/current-sponsors-and-funders)
17. [Source](http://old.arl.org/arl/membership/members.shtml)
18. [Source](http://iiif.io/community/consortium/#the-iiif-consortium)
19. [Source](https://www.cossa.org/members/)
20. [Our Members / Tier 1](https://web.archive.org/web/20211129171645/https://arxiv.org/about/ourmembers)
21. [Source](https://web.archive.org/web/20240120073011/https://secure.aacu.org/iMIS/AACUR/Membership/MemberListAACU.aspx)
22. [Source](https://web.archive.org/web/20240126121019/https://nhalliance.org/about/members/)
23. [Source](https://web.archive.org/web/20221215225406/https://www.heliosopen.org/members)
24. [Source](https://web.archive.org/web/20240227092307/https://www.cni.org/about-cni/membership/members)
25. [Source](https://web.archive.org/web/20231016073235/https://www.crl.edu/membership/members)
26. [Source](https://web.archive.org/web/20231015070603/https://sparcopen.org/who-we-are/members/)
27. [Source](https://www.cumuonline.org/membership/cumu-members/)
28. [Source](https://www.cogr.edu/cogr-membership-list)
29. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
30. Czech National Authority Database
31. [Source](http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/diversity/timeline1.html#1)
32. BNE authority file
33. [Source](https://www.upenn.edu/about/contact)
34. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2024)
35. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2020)
36. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2021)
37. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2022)
38. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2023)
39. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2019)
40. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2018)
41. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2017)
42. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2016)
43. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2015)
44. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2014)
45. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2013)
46. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2012)
47. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2010)
48. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2011)
49. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2008)
50. [Source](https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/arwu/2003)