# Universal Bounds Estimation and Efficient Tuning for Equivalent Factor in Real-Time Cost-Optimal Predictive ECMS of PHEVs

> Research article (IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2024) · cited 22× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4400679701](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4400679701)  
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