# Tselina-R

> model of Soviet signals intelligence satellite

**Wikidata**: [Q14701653](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14701653)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/tselina-r

## Summary
Tselina-R is a model of Soviet signals intelligence satellite belonging to the Tselina family. It was developed based on the earlier Tselina-D model, with its first flight occurring on December 10, 1986.

## Key Facts
- Tselina-R is a subclass of signals intelligence satellites, designed for military intelligence gathering.
- It is part of the broader Tselina family of Soviet/Russian signals intelligence satellites.
- Based directly on the Tselina-D model of Soviet signals intelligence satellite.
- First flight occurred on 1986-12-10.
- Manufacturers include Pivdenne Design Office and TsNIRTI (which provided the payload).
- Country of origin is the Soviet Union.
- Aliases include Zelina-R, Tselina-D(R), and Zelina-D(R).
- The TsNIRTI research institute was involved in its development.
- Specific known Cosmos satellites associated with the Tselina family include Космос-1805, Cosmos 2058, Cosmos 2151, and Cosmos 2242.

## FAQs
### Q: What was the primary purpose of the Tselina-R satellite?
A: Tselina-R was a Soviet signals intelligence satellite model, designed to gather military intelligence by intercepting and analyzing electronic signals and communications.

### Q: How does Tselina-R relate to other Tselina satellites?
A: Tselina-R is a specific model within the Tselina family, developed based on the earlier Tselina-D model, sharing the core purpose of signals intelligence gathering for the Soviet military.

### Q: Which organization manufactured Tselina-R satellites?
A: Tselina-R satellites were manufactured by the Pivdenne Design Office, with the payload component developed by the TsNIRTI research institute.

### Q: When was the first Tselina-R satellite launched?
A: The first flight of a Tselina-R satellite occurred on December 10, 1986.

## Why It Matters
Tselina-R represented a significant evolution in Soviet space-based signals intelligence capabilities. As an advanced model derived from Tselina-D, it enhanced the Soviet Union's ability to monitor military communications, radar signals, and electronic transmissions globally during the Cold War. These satellites provided critical strategic intelligence, informing military decision-making and arms control negotiations. The Tselina-R program, like the broader Tselina family, underscored the importance of space-based reconnaissance in modern military doctrine and highlighted the intense technological competition between superpowers during that era. Its development involved key Soviet institutions like TsNIRTI and Pivdenne Design Office, reflecting the centralized nature of the Soviet military-industrial complex.

## Notable For
- Development based directly on the preceding Tselina-D model, signifying a planned evolution in Soviet signals intelligence satellite technology.
- First launch occurred on December 10, 1986, marking its operational debut.
- Dual manufacturing involvement: Pivdenne Design Office as the primary manufacturer and TsNIRTI specifically responsible for the payload.
- Emerged as part of the Tselina family, a prominent lineage of Soviet/Russian signals intelligence satellites.
- Known operational satellites in the Cosmos series (e.g., Космос-1805, Cosmos 2058, Cosmos 2151, Cosmos 2242) are associated with this family/model.

## Body
### Development and Classification
Tselina-R is a specific spacecraft model under the Tselina family of Soviet signals intelligence satellites. It is explicitly categorized as a subclass of the signals intelligence satellite class, which is itself a type of military satellite focused on intelligence gathering. Tselina-R was developed based on the earlier Tselina-D model. Its country of origin is the Soviet Union.

### Specifications and Operation
The first flight of a Tselina-R satellite took place on December 10, 1986. The manufacturing of Tselina-R satellites involved two key entities: the Pivdenne Design Office served as the primary manufacturer, while the TsNIRTI research institute was responsible for developing the payload component. The Tselina-R model is known by several aliases, including Zelina-R, Tselina-D(R), and Zelina-D(R). It is part of the broader Tselina family lineage.

### Association and Deployment
Tselina-R satellites are part of the Tselina family, which includes other models like Tselina-D. Operational satellites identified as belonging to this family include Космос-1805, Cosmos 2058, Cosmos 2151, and Cosmos 2242, though the specific model designation for each individual Cosmos satellite requires verification. The TsNIRTI institute, established in 1943 and based first in the Soviet Union and later in Russia, was centrally involved in the development of the Tselina satellites' payloads, linking it directly to the Tselina-R program.

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  "@type": "Thing",
  "name": "Tselina-R",
  "description": "A model of Soviet signals intelligence satellite belonging to the Tselina family, based on Tselina-D and first launched in 1986.",
  "sameAs": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q???"], // Wikidata ID not provided in source
  "additionalType": "spacecraft model"
}

## References

1. [Source](https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/tselina-r.htm)
2. Jonathan's Space Report