# Time Series Prediction of Dam Deformation Using a Hybrid STL–CNN–GRU Model Based on Sparrow Search Algorithm Optimization

> Research article (Applied Sciences, 2022) · cited 27× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4310001529](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4310001529)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/time-series-prediction-of-dam-deformation-using-a-hybrid-stlcnngru-model-based-on-sparrow-search-algorithm-optimization