# Three-Level Inverter-Fed Direct Torque Control of IPMSM With Constant Switching Frequency and Torque Ripple Reduction

> Research article (IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2016) · cited 59× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2318358154](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2318358154)  
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