# Three-Dimensional Path Planning of UAV Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization

> Research article (Mathematics, 2023) · cited 43× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4366827185](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4366827185)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/three-dimensional-path-planning-of-uav-based-on-improved-particle-swarm-optimization