# The Role of the Ottoman Empire in Protecting the Lebanese States and Provinces 1516 - 1840

> Bassem Fleifel's PhD thesis

**Wikidata**: [Q116837968](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116837968)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/the-role-of-the-ottoman-empire-in-protecting-the-lebanese-states-and-provinces-1516-1840