# Teruel

> municipality of Aragon, Spain, in the province of Teruel and the comarca of Communidad de Teruel

**Wikidata**: [Q14336](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14336)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teruel)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/teruel

## Summary
Teruel is a municipality located in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain, and serves as the capital of both the province and comarca of Teruel. It is distinguished by its rich historical and cultural heritage, including its Mudejar architecture and its role in paleontological research.

## Key Facts
- **Location:** Teruel, Spain (province of Teruel, comarca of Comunidad de Teruel)
- **Coordinates:** Latitude 40.343611111111, Longitude -1.1072222222222
- **Population (recent):** 35,961 (2021)
- **Website:** [https://www.teruel.es](https://www.teruel.es)
- **Founded:** October 1, 1171
- **Notable Landmarks:** Teruel Cathedral, Torre de San Martín, Iglesia de San Salvador
- **Transportation:** Teruel Airport, Teruel train station
- **Sports:** CD Teruel (football), CV Teruel (volleyball)
- **Cultural Institutions:** Dinópolis (paleontological theme park and museum)
- **Religious Jurisdiction:** Roman Catholic Diocese of Teruel and Albarracín
- **Local Political Movement:** Teruel Existe (founded 1999)
- **Notable Architectural Features:** Mudejar architecture including the Tower of Iglesia de San Salvador
- **Notable Entities:** San Pedro Church, Teruel City, Teruel Airport, Teruel train station, Teruel Cathedral

## FAQs
**Where is Teruel located?**
Teruel is located in the autonomous community of Aragon, in the province of Teruel, within the comarca of Comunidad de Teruel, Spain.

**What is the population of Teruel?**
The population of Teruel is approximately 35,961 as of 2021, with minor annual fluctuations in recent years.

**What is the significance of Teruel in Spanish history and culture?**
Teruel is historically significant for its Mudejar architecture, including the iconic Torre de San Martín and the Iglesia de San Salvador. It is also home to the Dinópolis, a major paleontological theme park and research center.

**What are some key landmarks in Teruel?**
Notable landmarks include Teruel Cathedral, Torre de San Martín, and the Mudejar-style Iglesia de San Salvador. These sites reflect the city's architectural and historical importance.

**What is the role of Teruel in paleontology?**
Teruel is home to Dinópolis, a major paleontological research and exhibition center established in 2001, which has made the city a hub for fossil research and education.

**What is the Teruel Existe movement?**
Teruel Existe is a regionalist political party founded in 1999, advocating for the cultural and political interests of Teruel and its surrounding regions.

**What is the significance of the Torre de San Martín?**
The Torre de San Martín is a Mudejar architectural bell tower and a cultural symbol of Teruel, representing the city's unique architectural heritage.

**What are the transportation options in Teruel?**
Teruel is served by Teruel Airport and the Teruel train station, which connect the city to broader regional and national networks.

**What sports teams are based in Teruel?**
Teruel is home to CD Teruel (founded in 1946) and CV Teruel (founded in 1992), both of which represent the city in regional and national sports competitions.

**What is the role of the Teruel Cathedral?**
The Teruel Cathedral, established in 1171, is a significant religious and architectural landmark in the city.

## Why It Matters
Teruel holds a unique place in Spanish cultural and historical identity due to its Mudejar architectural heritage, which is recognized by UNESCO. The city's commitment to preserving and promoting its historical architecture, combined with its role in paleontological research through Dinópolis, makes it a site of both cultural and scientific interest. Teruel's identity is also shaped by its political movements like Teruel Existe, which advocates for regional autonomy and cultural preservation. The city's role in Spain's historical and scientific narrative is further enhanced by its status as a center for paleontological research and education. Teruel's landmarks, such as the Teruel Cathedral and the Torre de San Martín, are not only architectural marvels but also symbols of regional pride and historical continuity.

## Notable For
- **UNESCO World Heritage Status:** Teruel is known for its Mudejar architecture, particularly the Torre de San Martín and the Iglesia de San Salvador, both of which are recognized by UNESCO.
- **Paleontological Research Hub:** Home to Dinópolis, a major center for paleontological research and education established in 2001.
- **Cultural and Historical Significance:** Teruel is notable for its Mudejar architectural style, which is unique to the region and protected as part of the cultural heritage.
- **Political Representation:** The city is the birthplace of the Teruel Existe movement, which advocates for regional recognition and cultural preservation.
- **Transportation Infrastructure:** Teruel is served by Teruel Airport and the Teruel train station, connecting it to national and international networks.

## Body

### History and Origin
Teruel was founded on October 1, 1171, and has since grown into a significant cultural and historical center in Aragon, Spain. The city is known for its Mudejar architecture, which is a blend of Christian and Islamic design elements, and is home to several notable structures such as the Teruel Cathedral, Torre de San Martín, and Iglesia de San Salvador. These landmarks are part of the city's rich cultural heritage and are recognized by UNESCO for their historical significance.

### Cultural and Historical Significance
Teruel is home to several historically significant sites:
- **Teruel Cathedral:** Established in 1171, it is a key example of Mudejar architecture and a symbol of the city's religious and architectural heritage.
- **Torre de San Martín:** This Mudejar bell tower is a cultural property and a key landmark in the city.
- **Iglesia de San Salvador:** Features a Mudejar-style bell tower, representing the city's unique architectural style.
- **UNESCO Recognition:** The Mudejar architecture in Teruel, including the Torre de San Martín and Iglesia de San Salvador, is recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.

### Architecture and Landmarks
Teruel is renowned for its Mudejar architecture, which is a blend of Christian and Islamic design elements. This architectural style is most notably seen in the Torre de San Martín and the Iglesia de San Salvador. These structures are not only historically significant but also represent the city's unique cultural heritage. The Mudejar style is recognized by UNESCO, highlighting Teruel's role in preserving this architectural tradition.

### Paleontological Research and Education
Dinópolis, established on January 1, 2001, is a paleontological research and theme park located in Teruel. It plays a significant role in the city's identity as a center for paleontological research and education. Dinópolis is a hub for scientific discovery and public engagement with science, making Teruel a unique destination for education and research in paleontology.

### Political and Social Movements
The city is also known for its political and social movements:
- **Teruel Existe:** A regionalist political party founded in 1999, advocating for the cultural and political interests of the region.
- **Cultural Preservation:** Teruel's commitment to preserving its Mudejar heritage and promoting its historical identity through architectural landmarks and cultural events.

### Transportation
Teruel is accessible via:
- **Teruel Airport:** Serves the city with connections to various national and international destinations.
- **Teruel Train Station:** Provides regional and national rail connectivity.

### Sports Teams
Teruel is home to several local sports teams:
- **CD Teruel (Club Deportivo Teruel):** A football club founded in 1946, representing the city in regional and national competitions.
- **CV Teruel (Club Voleibol Teruel):** A volleyball club established in 1992, known for its role in promoting local sports and community engagement.

### Religious and Community Identity
The city's religious and community identity is also significant:
- **Roman Catholic Diocese of Teruel and Albarracín:** Established in 1878, this diocese plays a central role in the city's religious life.
- **Cultural Properties:** Notable landmarks like the San Pedro Church and the Tower of Iglesia de San Salvador are central to the city's cultural identity.

### Related Entities and Projects
Teruel is the origin or location of numerous entities and projects:
- **Dinópolis:** A paleontological museum and theme park established in 2001, known for its role in education and research.
- **Teruel Existe:** A regionalist political party founded in 1999, advocating for the cultural and political interests of the region.
- **Cultural and Historical Projects:** Teruel's rich heritage in Mudejar architecture and paleontological research makes it a unique destination for cultural and scientific exploration.

### Identifiers and Classification
Teruel is classified under various international systems:
- **ISO Codes:** ISO 3166-1 Alpha-2: ES, Alpha-3: ESP, Numeric: 724.
- **UN M49 Code:** 724.
- **Wikidata ID:** Q29.
- **GeoNames ID:** 2510769.
- **MusicBrainz Area ID:** 471c46a7-afc5-31c4-923c-d0444f5053a4.

## References

1. Nomenclátor Geográfico de Municipios y Entidades de Población (20240402 edition)
2. [Source](https://www.aragondigital.es/articulo/teruel/teruel-ciudad-polaca-lubliniec-paso-hermanamiento/20080115210200612905.html)
3. [Source](https://kam-pod.gov.ua/nashe-misto/mista-partneri)
4. [Source](https://ciudadeshermanadas.com/ciudades-espanolas-hermanadas/ciudades-hermanadas-con-teruel/)
5. Virtual International Authority File
6. [Source](https://www.worlddata.info/europe/spain/timezones.php)
7. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
8. datos.bne.es
9. MusicBrainz
10. Municipal Register of Spain 2013
11. Municipal Register of Spain 2012
12. Municipal Register of Spain 2011
13. Municipal Register of Spain 2010
14. Municipal Register of Spain 2009
15. Municipal Register of Spain 2008
16. Municipal Register of Spain 2007
17. Municipal Register of Spain 2006
18. Municipal Register of Spain 2005
19. Municipal Register of Spain 2004
20. Municipal Register of Spain 2002
21. Municipal Register of Spain 2001
22. Municipal Register of Spain 2014
23. Municipal Register of Spain 2015
24. Municipal Register of Spain 2016
25. Municipal Register of Spain 2017
26. Municipal Register of Spain 2018
27. [Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero. National Statistics Institute](http://www.ine.es/dynt3/inebase/index.htm?padre=525)
28. Municipal Register of Spain 2019
29. Municipal Register of Spain 2020
30. Municipal Register of Spain of 2021
31. Municipal Register of Spain of 2022
32. Municipal Register of Spain of 2023
33. Municipal Register of Spain of 2024
34. Municipal Register of Spain of 2025
35. List of Municipalities and their Codes by Provinces as of January 1, 2019
36. [Source](https://www.ine.es/dynt3/inebase/es/index.htm?padre=517&capsel=525)
37. GeoNames
38. [Source](https://datos.gob.es/es/catalogo/a02002834-nomenclator-ano-20147)
39. Quora
40. Límites municipales, provinciales y autonómicos
41. [archINFORM](https://www.archinform.net/service/wd_aiort.php)