# Temporal Layering: How past, future and present intersect in the valuation of pharmaceutical innovation

> Research article (Valuation Studies, 2025) · cited 21× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4407974510](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4407974510)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/temporal-layering-how-past-future-and-present-intersect-in-the-valuation-of-pharmaceutical-innovation