# Tata Motors Limited

> Indian multinational commercial vehicle manufacturer

**Wikidata**: [Q188514](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188514)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Motors)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/tata-motors-limited

## Summary
Tata Motors Ltd is a leading Indian multinational automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Mumbai, India. Established in 1945 as Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company (TELCO), it is part of the Tata Group and operates globally, producing a wide range of vehicles, including passenger cars, trucks, buses, and defense vehicles. The company is renowned for owning iconic brands such as Jaguar Land Rover and for introducing the affordable Tata Nano.

## Key Facts
- **Founded**: January 1, 1945 (as Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company).  
- **Headquarters**: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.  
- **Parent Company**: Tata Group (founded in 1868).  
- **Stock Exchanges**: Listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), National Stock Exchange of India (NSE), and New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).  
- **Key Subsidiaries**: Jaguar Land Rover (acquired in 2008), Tata Daewoo, Tata Hispano.  
- **Employees**: 27,948 (as per latest data).  
- **Notable Models**: Tata Nano, Tata Safari, Tata Indica, Tata Harrier, Tata Nexon, Tata Tiago.  
- **Industry**: Automotive manufacturing.  
- **Founder**: J.R.D. Tata (1904–1993), Indian industrialist and philanthropist.  
- **Global Presence**: Operations in India, the UK (Jaguar Land Rover), South Korea (Tata Daewoo), and Spain (Tata Hispano).  

## FAQs
**Q: What are Tata Motors' most popular car models?**  
A: Tata Motors is known for models like the Tata Nano (affordable microcar), Tata Safari (SUV), Tata Nexon (subcompact crossover), and Tata Tiago (city car).  

**Q: Which global brands does Tata Motors own?**  
A: Tata Motors owns Jaguar Land Rover, a British multinational automotive company, as well as subsidiaries like Tata Daewoo (South Korea) and Tata Hispano (Spain).  

**Q: Where is Tata Motors listed on stock exchanges?**  
A: The company is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), National Stock Exchange of India (NSE), and New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).  

**Q: When was Tata Motors founded?**  
A: Tata Motors was founded on January 1, 1945, as Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company (TELCO).  

**Q: Who is the parent company of Tata Motors?**  
A: Tata Motors is part of the Tata Group, one of India’s largest conglomerates, founded in 1868.  

## Why It Matters
Tata Motors is a cornerstone of India’s automotive industry and a symbol of the country’s industrial growth. As one of the largest vehicle manufacturers in India, it contributes significantly to the national economy and employment. Its acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover in 2008 marked a pivotal moment in global automotive history, establishing India’s presence in the luxury car market. The company’s focus on innovation, affordability (e.g., Tata Nano), and sustainability underscores its role in democratizing mobility and addressing global transportation challenges.

## Notable For
- **First Indian Carmaker**: Pioneered India’s automotive sector with indigenous vehicle production.  
- **Global Acquisitions**: Acquired Jaguar Land Rover in 2008, reviving the British brands under Indian ownership.  
- **Affordable Innovation**: Launched the Tata Nano (2009), the world’s cheapest car at the time.  
- **Diverse Portfolio**: Manufactures trucks (Tata Ace), buses, defense vehicles, and luxury cars (Jaguar, Land Rover).  
- **Sustainability Efforts**: Develops electric vehicles (e.g., Tata Nexon EV) and hybrid models.  

## Body

### History & Evolution
Tata Motors was founded in 1945 as **Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company (TELCO)** in Mumbai, India. Initially focused on locomotives and steam engines, it shifted to commercial vehicles in 1954. The company rebranded as Tata Motors in 2002, reflecting its expanded automotive focus. Key milestones include the launch of India’s first indigenously developed car, the Tata Indica (1998), and the acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover in 2008.

### Corporate Structure
- **Parent Company**: Part of the **Tata Group**, a multinational conglomerate founded by Jamsetji Tata in 1868.  
- **Subsidiaries**:  
  - **Jaguar Land Rover** (UK): Acquired in 2008, producing luxury vehicles like the Jaguar XE and Land Rover Defender.  
  - **Tata Daewoo** (South Korea): Manufactures commercial vehicles, established in 2004.  
  - **Tata Hispano** (Spain): Former bus and coach manufacturer (1939–2014).  

### Products & Manufacturing
Tata Motors produces a wide range of vehicles:  
- **Passenger Cars**: Tata Altroz (hatchback), Tata Harrier (SUV), Tata Tigor (sedan).  
- **Commercial Vehicles**: Tata Ace (light truck), Tata LPT 613 (heavy-duty truck).  
- **Defense Vehicles**: Supplies armored vehicles to the Indian Army.  
- **Electric Vehicles**: Tata Nexon EV, Tata Tiago EV.  

### Global Presence
- **India**: Headquarters in Mumbai, with manufacturing plants across the country.  
- **United Kingdom**: Jaguar Land Rover’s operations are based in Coventry, England.  
- **South Korea**: Tata Daewoo manufactures trucks and buses in Gunsan.  
- **International Markets**: Exports vehicles to over 100 countries, including the U.S., UK, and South Africa.  

### Key People
- **J.R.D. Tata** (1904–1993): Founder of Tata Motors and former chairman of the Tata Group. Played a pivotal role in India’s industrialization.  

### Stock Listings
- **Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)**: Listed since 1958.  
- **National Stock Exchange (NSE)**: Listed under the ticker **TATAMOTORS**.  
- **New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)**: Listed as **TTM** since 2004.  

### Cultural Impact
Tata Motors has shaped India’s automotive landscape, symbolizing national pride and engineering prowess. The Tata Nano, despite its commercial challenges, represented a bold experiment in affordable mobility. The company’s ownership of Jaguar Land Rover has also influenced global perceptions of Indian industrial capability.  

### Challenges & Controversies
- **Tata Nano**: Despite its innovative pricing, the model faced quality concerns and low sales, leading to its discontinuation in 2018.  
- **Environmental Concerns**: Criticized for emissions from older diesel models, prompting a shift toward electric vehicles.  

### Legacy & Innovation
Tata Motors continues to drive innovation in sustainability and safety, with investments in electric vehicles and autonomous driving technology. Its strategic acquisitions and diverse product portfolio solidify its position as a global automotive leader, blending Indian ingenuity with international brands.

## References

1. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
2. [Source](https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/auto/auto-news/tata-motors-says-tml-commercial-vehicles-to-be-renamed-tata-motors-limited/articleshow/124426811.cms)
3. Global LEI Index
4. Name Suggestion Index