# Syntax, predicates, idioms — what really affects code complexity?

> Research article (Empirical Software Engineering, 2018) · cited 48× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2808267878](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2808267878)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/syntax-predicates-idioms-what-really-affects-code-complexity