# Synchronous Optimal Modulation: Frequency or Time Domain, Global or Constrained Optimization? 40 Years to the First Formulation

> Research article (IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2017) · cited 12× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2607558244](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2607558244)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/synchronous-optimal-modulation-frequency-or-time-domain-global-or-constrained-optimization-40-years-to-the-first-formula