# Sydney

> capital city of New South Wales, Australia

**Wikidata**: [Q3130](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3130)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/sydney

## FAQs

**What is the historical significance of the city's founding date?**
Sydney was officially founded on January 26, 1788, a date commemorated as Australia Day. It has served as the capital of New South Wales since its inception in 1788 and became a city in 1842.

**How has the population of Sydney grown over time?**
The population has grown from 3,000 in 1800 to 12,000 in 1820, 39,000 in 1851, 200,000 in 1871, and 500,000 in 1901. By 2014, it reached 4.84 million, and the 2021 census recorded 4,698,656 residents in the urban centre. The 2023 estimate places the population at approximately 5.45 million.

**Who governs Sydney, and what is its civic status?**
Clover Moore has served as the head of government (Lord Mayor) since March 27, 2004. The city is classified as a metropolis, a big city, a provincial capital, a global city, and a financial center.

**What are the city's major international relationships?**
Sydney is a member of the Creative Cities Network as a City of Film (since 2010) and maintains sister-city or twin relationships with San Francisco (since 1968), Nagoya (since 1980), Wellington City, Guangzhou, Florence (since 1993), Portsmouth, Milan, Islamabad, Dili, New Delhi, Manila, Mexico City, Seoul, and Hakkâri.

**What geographic and environmental features define Sydney?**
The city is located on the Australian continent within New South Wales, bordering Parramatta River. It has an elevation of 6 meters, experiences a humid subtropical climate, and recorded a maximum temperature of 45.8°C and a minimum of 2.1°C.

**How is Sydney recognized in culture and media?**
The city appears in the video game *Civilization V* as a city-state and has been depicted in the *Simpsons* universe. It maintains a significant digital presence with active social media accounts across Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Threads, LinkedIn, and TikTok. It is also referred to by nicknames such as the "Emerald City," "Harbour City," and historically as "Port Jackson."

## Why It Matters
Sydney is the largest and most influential city in Australia, serving as a critical hub for finance, culture, and global connectivity. Its designation as a global city and financial center underscores its economic importance, while its membership in UNESCO's Creative Cities Network as a City of Film highlights its cultural leadership. The city's role as the capital of New South Wales and its historical status as the site of the first British settlement in Australia make it central to the nation's governance and history. Hosting the 2000 Summer Olympics further solidified its status on the world stage. As a highly connected metropolis with a diverse, multilingual population and significant digital presence, Sydney plays a pivotal role in shaping Australia's identity and its interactions with the global community.

## Notable For
- Being the **largest city** in Australia.
- Serving as the **capital of New South Wales** since 1788.
- Hosting the **2000 Summer Olympics**.
- Membership in the **Creative Cities Network** as a **City of Film** (since 2010).
- Having a population of over **5.4 million people** (2023 estimate).
- Being classified as a **global city** and **financial center**.
- Having the demonym **Sydneysider**.
- Being located on the traditional lands of the **Gadigal (Gadi/Eora)** people.
- Being named a **City of Film** by UNESCO.

## Body

### Governance and Status
Sydney is the capital city of New South Wales, a status it has held since 1788. It is officially recognized as a city (since 1842), a metropolis, a big city, a provincial capital, a global city, and a financial center. It is also the largest city in Australia. The current head of government is Clover Moore, who assumed office on March 27, 2004.

### Geography and Climate
The city is situated on the Australian continent within the state of New South Wales. Its geographic coordinates are latitude -33.867777777777775 and longitude 151.21. It has an area of 12,144.6 square kilometers and an average elevation of 6 meters above sea level (with a maximum elevation of 58 meters). Sydney is located next to the Parramatta River. The city experiences a humid subtropical climate (Köppen classification). Temperature records show a maximum of 45.8°C (recorded on January 18, 2013) and a minimum of 2.1°C (recorded on June 22, 1932).

### Population and Demographics
Sydney's population has grown steadily over centuries:
- **1800**: 3,000
- **1820**: 12,000
- **1851**: 39,000
- **1871**: 200,000
- **1901**: 500,000
- **2014**: 4,840,600
- **2021 (Census)**: 4,698,656 (urban centre)
- **2023 (Estimate)**: 5,450,496

The official demonym for residents is **Sydneysider** (singular) or **Sydneysiders** (plural).

### History and Naming
The city was officially founded on January 26, 1788, a date also known as Australia Day. It is named after Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney. The area is known by several other names and aliases, including **Gadigal**, **Gadi**, **Eora**, **Warrane**, **Emerald City**, **Harbour City**, and historically as **Port Jackson**.

### International Relations
Sydney is an active participant in international networks:
- **Creative Cities Network**: Designated as a **City of Film** in 2010.
- **Sister Cities**: Maintains relationships with San Francisco (1968), Nagoya (1980), Guangzhou, Florence (1993), Wellington City, Portsmouth, Milan, Islamabad, Dili, New Delhi, Manila, Mexico City, Seoul, and Hakkâri.

### Culture and Media
Sydney has a presence in various media:
- **Video Games**: Featured as a city-state in *Civilization V*.
- **Digital Presence**: The city government maintains official accounts on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Threads, LinkedIn, and TikTok (e.g., `cityofsydney`).
- **Wikipedia**: The topic is covered in 255 different language versions of Wikipedia.
- **Encyclopedic Recognition**: Documented in numerous historical and modern encyclopedias, including Britannica, Brockhaus and Efron, and the Jewish Encyclopedia.

### Infrastructure and Communications
- **Time Zones**: UTC+10:00 (standard time) and UTC+11:00 (daylight saving time).
- **Postal Code**: 2000.
- **UN/LOCODE**: AUSYD.
- **Local Dialing Codes**: Includes 0272, 0273, 0274, 0276, 0277, 0279, 0280, 0282, 0283, 0285, 0288, 0290, 0291, 0292, 0293, 0294, 0295, 0296, 0297, 0298, and 0299.

## References

1. [Source](https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20040603085346/http://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/elections/default.html)
2. archINFORM
3. [Source](https://oewd.org/san-francisco-sister-cities)
4. [Sister cities - City of Sydney. City of Sydney](http://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/learn/about-sydney/sister-cities)
5. [Source](https://www.comune.fi.it/pagina/firenze-internazionale/gemellaggi-e-patti-di-amicizia)
6. Virtual International Authority File
7. Telecommunications Numbering Plan 2015
8. Or mes2be sch :  mes2besch zoom Section: Part J—Charging Zones
9. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
10. Czech National Authority Database
11. MusicBrainz
12. Australian Statistical Geography Standard 2021
13. [Source](https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/population/regional-population/2022-23)
14. Collins Online English Dictionary
15. GeoNames
16. [Source](https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/1025419/deux-sydney-atterir-cap-breton-plutot-australie)
17. [Source](https://www.youtube.com/user/cityofsydney)
18. [archINFORM](https://www.archinform.net/service/wd_aiort.php)
19. General Finnish Ontology
20. [Source](https://golden.com/wiki/Sydney-K4WWM)
21. YouTube API
22. Bibliography of the History of the Czech Lands
23. Sydney  latest news & coverage - CNA. CNA
24. SNK authority file
25. museum-digital
26. Best Sydney Posts - Reddit. Reddit