# standard hydrogen electrode

> reference redox electrode used under standard conditions

**Wikidata**: [Q898559](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898559)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_hydrogen_electrode)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/standard-hydrogen-electrode

## Summary
The standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) is a reference redox electrode used under standard conditions to measure the potential of other electrodes in electrochemical systems. It consists of a platinized platinum electrode saturated with pure hydrogen gas, serving as a baseline for electrochemical measurements.

## Key Facts
- Aliases: SHE, ESH, قطب قياسي للهيدروجين
- Subclass of: hydrogen electrode
- Different from: normal hydrogen electrode
- IUPAC Gold Book ID: S05917
- Wikipedia title: Standard hydrogen electrode
- Available in multiple languages: Arabic, Bosnian, Catalan, etc.
- Wikidata description: reference redox electrode used under standard conditions
- Sitelink count: 30
- Commons gallery: Standard hydrogen electrode

## FAQs
### Q: What is the purpose of the standard hydrogen electrode?
A: The standard hydrogen electrode serves as a reference point for measuring the potential of other electrodes in electrochemical systems. It provides a consistent baseline under standard conditions.

### Q: How is the standard hydrogen electrode constructed?
A: It consists of a platinized platinum electrode saturated with pure hydrogen gas, which is bubbled through a solution of hydrogen ions at a defined concentration.

### Q: What is the difference between the standard hydrogen electrode and the normal hydrogen electrode?
A: The standard hydrogen electrode is defined under standard conditions (1 atm pressure, 298.15 K temperature, and 1 M hydrogen ion concentration), while the normal hydrogen electrode does not specify these conditions.

### Q: Where is the standard hydrogen electrode used?
A: It is widely used in electrochemistry, analytical chemistry, and industrial applications to standardize electrode potential measurements.

### Q: What is the IUPAC Gold Book ID for the standard hydrogen electrode?
A: The IUPAC Gold Book ID for the standard hydrogen electrode is S05917.

## Why It Matters
The standard hydrogen electrode is fundamental in electrochemistry as it provides a universal reference point for measuring electrode potentials. By defining a standard state (1 atm pressure, 298.15 K temperature, and 1 M hydrogen ion concentration), it allows scientists to compare and standardize measurements across different systems. This reference is crucial for applications in corrosion science, battery technology, and analytical chemistry, ensuring accurate and reproducible results. Without the SHE, the comparison of electrode potentials across different environments would be impossible, leading to inconsistencies in research and industrial applications.

## Notable For
- Serves as the primary reference electrode in electrochemistry
- Defined under strict standard conditions for consistency
- Used in calibration of other electrodes and measurement devices
- Basis for the Nernst equation in electrochemical thermodynamics
- Widely recognized in academic and industrial applications

## Body
### Definition and Structure
The standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) is a redox electrode used as a reference in electrochemical measurements. It consists of a platinized platinum electrode saturated with pure hydrogen gas, which is bubbled through a solution of hydrogen ions at a defined concentration. The electrode is constructed to maintain a stable potential under standard conditions.

### Standard Conditions
The SHE is defined under specific standard conditions: 1 atm pressure, 298.15 K temperature, and a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 M. These conditions ensure reproducibility and comparability across different measurements.

### Role in Electrochemistry
The SHE serves as a reference point for measuring the potential of other electrodes. By comparing the potential of an unknown electrode to the SHE, scientists can determine the electrode's potential under standard conditions. This is essential for applications in corrosion science, battery technology, and analytical chemistry.

### Historical and Scientific Significance
The SHE was established as a reference electrode to provide a consistent baseline for electrochemical measurements. Its definition under standard conditions allows for accurate and reproducible results, making it a cornerstone of electrochemistry.

### Applications
The SHE is used in various fields, including corrosion science, battery technology, and analytical chemistry. It enables the standardization of electrode potentials, ensuring reliable and comparable data across different studies and industries.

## References

1. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
2. [OpenAlex](https://docs.openalex.org/download-snapshot/snapshot-data-format)