# Spectrum Defragmentation in Elastic Optical Networks: Two Approaches With Metaheuristics

> Research article (IEEE Access, 2019) · cited 24× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2969719394](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2969719394)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/spectrum-defragmentation-in-elastic-optical-networks-two-approaches-with-metaheuristics