# SPARK: A High-Efficiency Black-Box Domain Adaptation Framework for Source Privacy-Preserving Drowsiness Detection

> Research article (IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 2024) · cited 11× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4392796730](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4392796730)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/spark-a-high-efficiency-black-box-domain-adaptation-framework-for-source-privacy-preserving-drowsiness-detection