# Soyuz TMA-14

> 2009 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

**Wikidata**: [Q840706](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840706)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_TMA-14)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/soyuz-tma-14

## Summary
Soyuz TMA-14 was a 2009 Russian crewed spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS) operated by the Roscosmos State Corporation. Launched on March 26, 2009, it served as a transport vehicle for Expedition 19 and featured the participation of private astronauts during different phases of the mission.

## Key Facts
- **Launch Date:** March 26, 2009
- **Landing Date:** October 11, 2009
- **Spacecraft Class:** Soyuz-TMA
- **Launch Vehicle:** Soyuz-FG
- **Launch Site:** Gagarin's Start, Baikonur Cosmodrome
- **Mission Duration:** 17,193,600 seconds
- **Call Sign:** Альтаир (Altair)
- **Maximum Capacity:** 3 crew members
- **Orbital Inclination:** 51.64 degrees
- **Apoapsis:** 272 kilometres

## FAQs
### Q: Who were the primary crew members of Soyuz TMA-14?
A: The primary crew for Expedition 19 consisted of Spacecraft Commander Gennady Padalka and Flight Engineer 1 Michael Barratt. The mission also included private astronauts Charles Simonyi for the takeoff and Guy Laliberté for the landing.

### Q: What launch vehicle and site were used for this mission?
A: Soyuz TMA-14 was launched using a Soyuz-FG rocket. The launch took place from "Gagarin's Start" at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

### Q: What were the orbital specifications of the Soyuz TMA-14 spacecraft?
A: The spacecraft operated in low Earth orbit with an orbital period of 89.46 minutes. Its altitude reached an apoapsis of 272 km and a periapsis of 224 km, with an inclination of 51.64 degrees.

## Why It Matters
Soyuz TMA-14 was a vital mission in the Soyuz programme, ensuring the continuous operation and staffing of the International Space Station. By transporting the Expedition 19 crew, it supported the transition and maintenance of human presence in low Earth orbit. The mission is also significant for its role in the burgeoning field of private spaceflight; it carried Charles Simonyi, a Hungarian-American software executive, to the station and returned with Guy Laliberté. This integration of professional cosmonauts and private citizens demonstrates the dual-purpose nature of the Soyuz-TMA class spacecraft during this era of space exploration.

## Notable For
- **Private Astronaut Participation:** Carried Charles Simonyi during takeoff and Guy Laliberté during the landing phase.
- **Expedition 19 Transport:** Served as the primary vehicle for Commander Gennady Padalka and Flight Engineer Michael Barratt.
- **Historical Launch Site:** Utilized the "Gagarin's Start" pad at Baikonur Cosmodrome, the same site used for the first human spaceflight.
- **Mission Continuity:** Successfully followed the Soyuz TMA-13 mission and was succeeded by Soyuz TMA-15.

## Body

### Mission Overview
Soyuz TMA-14 (COSPAR ID: 2009-015A) was a human spaceflight mission conducted as part of the Soyuz programme. It utilized the Soyuz-TMA spacecraft, a specific revision of the Soyuz vehicle designed for ISS transport. The mission was managed by Roscosmos and used the call sign "Altair."

### Launch and Orbital Parameters
The mission commenced on March 26, 2009, with a rocket launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The Soyuz-FG launch vehicle placed the craft into a low Earth orbit.
- **Apoapsis:** 272 km
- **Periapsis:** 224 km
- **Orbital Period:** 89.46 minutes
- **Inclination:** 51.64°

### Crew Composition
The mission involved a primary crew, private participants, and a designated backup team.

**Primary Crew:**
- **Gennady Padalka:** Spacecraft Commander (Expedition 19)
- **Michael Barratt:** Flight Engineer 1 (Expedition 19)
- **Charles Simonyi:** Private astronaut (participated in takeoff)
- **Guy Laliberté:** Private astronaut (participated in landing)

**Backup Crew:**
- **Maksim Surayev:** Spacecraft Commander
- **Shannon Walker:** Flight Engineer 1
- **Esther Dyson:** Private astronaut
- **Barbara Barrett:** Private astronaut

### Mission Conclusion
The spacecraft remained in orbit for a total duration of 17,193,600 seconds. It concluded its mission on October 11, 2009, with a landing in Kazakhstan at the coordinates 51.023916666667, 67.20215. The mission was preceded by Soyuz TMA-13 and followed by Soyuz TMA-15.

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## References

1. Jonathan's Space Report
2. [Source](http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-tma-14.htm)
3. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013