# Soyuz MS-14

> uncrewed orbital spaceflight mission to International Space Station

**Wikidata**: [Q48816790](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48816790)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_MS-14)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/soyuz-ms-14

## Summary
Soyuz MS-14 was an uncrewed orbital spaceflight mission launched by Roscosmos to the International Space Station (ISS) on 2019-08-22. It served as a critical test flight for the Soyuz-2.1a launch vehicle and carried the humanoid robot FEDOR.

## Key Facts
- **Launch Date:** 2019-08-22 from Baikonur Cosmodrome
- **Launch Vehicle:** Soyuz-2.1a
- **Mission Type:** Uncrewed orbital spaceflight to ISS
- **Spacecraft Class:** Soyuz MS
- **Passenger/Cargo:** Humanoid robot FEDOR
- **Landing Date:** 2020-04-17 in Kazakhstan (47.361°N, 69.572°E)
- **Preceded by:** Soyuz MS-13
- **Followed by:** Soyuz MS-15
- **Organizer:** Roscosmos State Corporation
- **COSPAR ID:** 2019-055A
- **SCN ID:** 44504

## FAQs
### Q: Why was Soyuz MS-14 uncrewed?
A: Soyuz MS-14 was an uncrewed mission specifically designated to test the Soyuz-2.1a launch vehicle and deliver the humanoid robot FEDOR to the ISS without risking human astronauts.

### Q: What was FEDOR on Soyuz MS-14?
A: FEDOR (Final Experimental Demonstration Object Research) was a humanoid robot (Android humanoid robot) that was the primary payload delivered to the ISS aboard Soyuz MS-14.

### Q: Where did Soyuz MS-14 land?
A: Soyuz MS-14 landed successfully in Kazakhstan on 2020-04-17, at coordinates 47.361°N, 69.572°E, following the standard descent trajectory for Soyuz missions.

### Q: How long was Soyuz MS-14 in space?
A: Soyuz MS-14 was in orbit from its launch on 2019-08-22 until its landing on 2020-04-17, totaling approximately 240 days.

### Q: Why was its docking attempt significant?
A: The spacecraft's first docking attempt on 2019-08-24 failed due to an automated system issue, requiring a manual docking maneuver the next day, highlighting critical aspects of spacecraft control systems.

## Why It Matters
Soyuz MS-14 holds significant importance as the uncrewed Soyuz mission that validated the Soyuz-2.1a launch vehicle for future crewed flights. By carrying the FEDOR robot, it demonstrated the capability for complex cargo delivery and advanced robotics in spaceflight. The mission successfully tested critical spacecraft systems, including a challenging docking scenario, ensuring the reliability of the Soyuz MS variant. Its extended stay aboard the ISS also provided valuable operational data for uncrewed long-duration missions, reducing risk for future human spaceflight endeavors.

## Notable For
- **Uncrewed Test Flight:** Only uncrewed Soyuz MS mission to the ISS, preceding the Soyuz-2.1a crewed debut.
- **FEDOR Payload:** Carried the FEDOR (Android humanoid robot) as its primary cargo, a first for a Soyuz uncrewed flight.
- **Docking Challenge:** Experienced the first automated docking failure for a Soyuz MS, requiring manual intervention.
- **Extended Duration:** Remained docked to the ISS for approximately 240 days (Aug 2019 - Apr 2020).
- **Soyuz-2.1a Validation:** Served as the critical uncrewed test flight for the Soyuz-2.1a launch system before its first crewed flight.

## Body
### Basic Information
Soyuz MS-14 (SCN: 44504, COSPAR: 2019-055A) was an uncrewed orbital spaceflight operated by Roscosmos State Corporation. It launched on 2019-08-22 and landed on 2020-04-17. The mission was part of the Soyuz programme and used the Soyuz MS spacecraft variant launched by the Soyuz-2.1a rocket.

### Technical Specifications
- **Spacecraft:** Soyuz MS (latest revision class)
- **Launch Vehicle:** Soyuz-2.1a (version of Soyuz-2 rocket)
- **Launch Site:** Baikonur Cosmodrome
- **Organizer:** Roscosmos State Corporation
- **Passenger/Cargo:** Carried the humanoid robot FEDOR

### Mission Timeline
- **Launch:** 2019-08-22
- **First Docking Attempt:** 2019-08-24 (Failed due to automated system issue)
- **Successful Docking:** 2019-08-25 (Manual docking performed)
- **Undocking:** Preparations for landing began as scheduled
- **Landing:** 2020-04-17 in Kazakhstan (47.361°N, 69.572°E)

### Key Events
- Successfully delivered FEDOR robot to the ISS.
- Experienced the first docking system failure during an automated approach to the ISS on 2019-08-24.
- Demonstrated successful manual docking on the subsequent attempt.
- Remained docked to the ISS for approximately 240 days.
- Concluded with a standard Soyuz descent and landing in Kazakhstan.

## Schema Markup
```json
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Thing",
  "name": "Soyuz MS-14",
  "description": "Uncrewed orbital spaceflight mission to the International Space Station launched on 2019-08-22.",
  "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_MS-14",
  "sameAs": [
    "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629522",
    "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_MS-14"
  ],
  "additionalType": [
    "Uncrewed spaceflight",
    "Soyuz MS"
  ]
}

## References

1. Jonathan's Space Report
2. [Source](http://www.russianspaceweb.com/soyuz-ms-14.html)