# Soyuz 14

> crewed flight of the Soyuz programme

**Wikidata**: [Q545595](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q545595)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_14)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/soyuz-14

## Summary

Soyuz 14 was a spacecraft of the Soyuz 7K-T type [1]. It was launched as part of the Soviet space program to conduct crewed missions to orbital stations. The mission involved transporting cosmonauts to and from a space station, consistent with the design purpose of the Soyuz 7K-T variant [1]. No additional details about the mission, crew, or outcomes are provided beyond its classification [1].

## Summary
Soyuz 14 was a crewed Soviet spaceflight mission launched on July 3, 1974, as part of the Soyuz programme. It utilized a second-generation Soyuz 7K-T spacecraft to transport a two-man crew to the Salyut 3 space station for a successful docking and orbital mission.

## Key Facts
- **Launch Date:** July 3, 1974
- **Landing Date:** July 19, 1974
- **Spacecraft Class:** Soyuz 7K-T (second generation)
- **Crew Members:** Pavel Popovich (Commander) and Yury Artyukhin (Flight Engineer)
- **Mission Duration:** 1,359,028 seconds (approximately 15.7 days)
- **Orbits Completed:** 255
- **Takeoff Mass:** 6,800 kilograms
- **Launch Vehicle:** Soyuz
- **Orbital Parameters:** Apoapsis of 217 km and periapsis of 195 km at an inclination of 51.58°
- **Operator:** Soviet space program

## FAQs
### Q: What was the primary objective of Soyuz 14?
A: The mission's primary objective was the docking and berthing with the Salyut 3 space station, which was successfully achieved on July 4, 1974.

### Q: Who were the crew members of the mission?
A: The mission was crewed by spacecraft commander Pavel Popovich and flight engineer Yury Artyukhin. A backup crew consisting of Gennadi Sarafanov and Lev Dyomin was also prepared.

### Q: Where did the mission launch and land?
A: Soyuz 14 launched from Gagarin's Start at the Baikonur Cosmodrome and concluded its mission with a landing in Kazakhstan.

### Q: What type of spacecraft was used for Soyuz 14?
A: The mission used the Soyuz 7K-T, which is the second generation of the Soyuz spacecraft designed for the Soviet space programme.

## Why It Matters
Soyuz 14 represents a successful operational milestone in the Soviet Union's efforts to maintain a human presence in low Earth orbit. By successfully docking with the Salyut 3 station and completing 255 orbits, the mission validated the reliability of the Soyuz 7K-T vessel and the Soyuz launch vehicle. It served as a critical link in the Soyuz programme, following the Soyuz 13 mission and preceding the Soyuz 15 mission, which ultimately failed its own attempt to dock with Salyut 3. The mission demonstrated the technical capability of the S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia's hardware in executing complex orbital maneuvers and extended-duration crewed stays.

## Notable For
- **Successful Station Docking:** Achieved a complete docking and berthing sequence with the Salyut 3 space station.
- **Extended Orbital Duration:** Completed 255 orbits over a period of more than 15 days.
- **Call Sign:** The mission utilized the call sign "Berkut" (Беркут).
- **Second-Generation Hardware:** Employed the Soyuz 7K-T, a refined version of the original Soyuz spacecraft design.

## Body

### Mission Launch and Trajectory
Soyuz 14 launched on July 3, 1974, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, specifically utilizing the "Gagarin's Start" launch pad. The mission was propelled by a Soyuz launch vehicle. Upon reaching low Earth orbit, the spacecraft maintained an orbital period of 88.6 minutes. Its trajectory was characterized by a periapsis of 195 kilometres and an apoapsis of 217 kilometres, with an orbital inclination of 51.58 degrees.

### Crew and Personnel
The mission was operated by a two-man crew:
*   **Pavel Popovich:** Served as the spacecraft commander.
*   **Yury Artyukhin:** Served as Flight Engineer 1.

The Soviet space program also designated a backup team for the mission, which included spacecraft commander Gennadi Sarafanov and flight engineer Lev Dyomin.

### Technical Specifications
The Soyuz 14 vessel was a Soyuz 7K-T model, manufactured by the S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia. At takeoff, the spacecraft had a mass of 6,800 kilograms. The mission's total duration was recorded at 1,359,028 seconds. 

### Orbital Operations and Landing
A significant event of the mission occurred on July 4, 1974, when the spacecraft performed docking and berthing maneuvers with the Salyut 3 station. After completing 255 orbits, the mission concluded on July 19, 1974. The landing took place in Kazakhstan, marking the end of the 15-day flight.

## Schema Markup
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  "@type": "Thing",
  "name": "Soyuz 14",
  "description": "A crewed flight of the Soviet Soyuz programme that docked with the Salyut 3 space station.",
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## References

1. Jonathan's Space Report
2. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
3. [Source](http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-14.htm)