# Sobekneferu

> Egyptian queen regnant

**Wikidata**: [Q228951](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228951)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobekneferu)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/sobekneferu

## Summary
Sobekneferu was an Egyptian queen regnant, a female monarch who ruled the country in her own right, and served as a statesperson within the high government offices of Ancient Egypt. She lived during the Middle Kingdom of Egypt, a historical period spanning approximately 2000 BC to 1700 BC. Also known by the aliases Sebeknefru, Neferusobek, and Skemiophris, her reign is documented through various academic identifiers and historical records.

## Biography
- **Born:** c. 1900 BC
- **Nationality:** Ancient Egypt, Middle Kingdom of Egypt
- **Education:** Not available
- **Known for:** Ruling as a queen regnant during the Middle Kingdom of Egypt
- **Employer(s):** Not available
- **Field(s):** Government, Statesperson

## Contributions
Sobekneferu's primary contribution was her role as a sovereign ruler, acting as a queen regnant who governed the state in her own right rather than as a consort. As a statesperson, she held the highest civil office in the Ancient Egyptian civilization during the Middle Kingdom period. Her legacy is preserved through archaeological artifacts, specifically a statue cataloged as "Statue, E 27135 (0320O7 01).jpg," and her inclusion in the historical chronicle of Manetho under the name Skemiophris.

## FAQs
**Who was Sobekneferu?**
Sobekneferu was an Egyptian queen regnant and statesperson who ruled during the Middle Kingdom of Egypt. She is recognized as a female monarch who exercised sovereign rule in her own right.

**What other names is Sobekneferu known by?**
She is known by the aliases Sebeknefru, Neferusobek, and Skemiophris. The name Skemiophris is specifically attributed to her in the writings of Manetho.

**When did Sobekneferu live?**
Sobekneferu's life is estimated to have occurred between approximately 1900 BC and 1793 BC, placing her within the Middle Kingdom period of Ancient Egypt.

**What is the definition of a queen regnant?**
A queen regnant is a female monarch who rules a country in her own right, possessing sovereign powers rather than deriving status from marriage to a king.

## Why They Matter
Sobekneferu matters as a distinct historical figure representing female political power in the ancient world. As a queen regnant, she exemplifies the rare instance of a woman holding the supreme office of state in Ancient Egypt. Her documentation across numerous international library and authority control systems underscores her enduring significance in historical and academic research.

## Notable For
- Ruling as a queen regnant in Ancient Egypt.
- Being identified as a statesperson in high government office.
- Living during the Middle Kingdom of Egypt (c. 2000–1700 BC).
- Being listed in Manetho's history as Skemiophris.
- Having a lifespan estimated from c. 1900 BC to 1793 BC.
- Possessing a wide array of academic authority control identifiers, including VIAF, GND, and LCCN numbers.

## Body
### Identity and Classification
Sobekneferu is classified within the category of human beings (Homo sapiens) and is specifically identified as a statesperson. In the context of her role, she is defined as a queen regnant, which distinguishes her as a female monarch who ruled a country in her own right. This status separates her from queen consorts, as she held the position of ruler by her own sovereign right.

### Historical Context and Citizenship
She was a citizen of Ancient Egypt, a civilization that existed from the 31st century BC to the 1st century BC. More specifically, her life and career align with the Middle Kingdom of Egypt, a period defined as lasting from approximately 2040 BC to 1700 BC. This era is characterized by the re-unification of Egypt and a flourishing of culture and political organization.

### Chronology
The temporal span of Sobekneferu's life is recorded with specific dates in structured data sources. She was born around 1900 BC and died approximately 1793 BC. These dates place her squarely within the later stages of the Middle Kingdom period.

### Nomenclature and Aliases
Throughout history, Sobekneferu has been referred to by several different names. Her primary aliases include Sebeknefru and Neferusobek. Additionally, the historian Manetho referred to her by the name Skemiophris. These variations are documented in various academic and historical databases.

### Documentation and Archival Records
Sobekneferu is extensively cataloged in global library and information systems. She is associated with numerous authority control identifiers that facilitate her recognition in academic and bibliographic contexts. These include:
*   **VIAF ID:** 54944821
*   **GND ID:** 11881026X
*   **LCCN:** nb2009010135
*   **IdRef ID:** cnp00539035
*   **BNF ID:** E39PBJvcYPy4FPkMyD4Hb6kVYP
*   **NLA ID:** 2N3CSTWVMRCXXLTRGTLKLJQZZU
*   **ULAN ID:** 500466273
*   **ISNI:** 0000000121608480
*   **Wikidata ID:** Q313824
*   **BabelNet ID:** E39PBJvcYPy4FPkMyD4Hb6kVYP

Her visual representation is preserved through a specific artifact image file titled "Statue, E 27135 (0320O7 01).jpg". She is also referenced in biographical indices such as the Encyclopædia Britannica under the ID "biography/Sebeknefru" and in the Library of Congress Authorities. Her digital footprint extends to various other systems, including the Freebase ID (/m/03ktxg) and the NLP People ID (person/6695f64f-962b-4acc-930c-4bd27fad482f).

## References

1. Beckerath 1997
2. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
3. CERL Thesaurus