# Smudge Noise for Quality Estimation of Fingerprints and its Validation

> Research article (IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 2019) · cited 14× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2941328847](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2941328847)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/smudge-noise-for-quality-estimation-of-fingerprints-and-its-validation