# Shenzhou 12

> crewed spaceflight of the Shenzhou program of China

**Wikidata**: [Q28223990](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28223990)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shenzhou_12)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/shenzhou-12

## Summary
Shenzhou 12 was a crewed spaceflight mission of China's Shenzhou program, launched on June 17, 2021, as part of the China Manned Space Program. It marked the first crewed mission to the Tiangong space station, specifically the Tianhe core module, and lasted approximately 90 days, setting a new record for China's longest crewed spaceflight at the time.

## Key Facts
- **Launch Date**: June 17, 2021, at 01:22:31 UTC from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
- **Duration**: 132,731 minutes (approximately 90 days).
- **Crew**: Nie Haisheng (spacecraft commander), Liu Boming, and Tang Hongbo.
- **Destination**: Tianhe core module of the Tiangong space station.
- **Launch Vehicle**: Long March 2F rocket.
- **Operator**: China National Space Administration (CNSA).
- **Landing Date**: September 17, 2021, at 05:34 UTC in Saihan Toroi Sum.
- **Significant Events**: Included docking with the Tiangong space station and conducting various experiments and spacewalks.
- **Backup Crew**: Zhai Zhigang (spacecraft commander), Wang Yaping, and Ye Guangfu.

## FAQs
### Q: What was the purpose of Shenzhou 12?
A: Shenzhou 12 was the first crewed mission to the Tiangong space station, aimed at testing the station's systems, conducting scientific experiments, and preparing for future long-duration missions.

### Q: Who were the crew members of Shenzhou 12?
A: The crew consisted of Nie Haisheng (spacecraft commander), Liu Boming, and Tang Hongbo.

### Q: How long did the Shenzhou 12 mission last?
A: The mission lasted approximately 90 days, from June 17, 2021, to September 17, 2021.

### Q: What rocket was used to launch Shenzhou 12?
A: The Long March 2F rocket was used to launch Shenzhou 12.

### Q: Where did Shenzhou 12 land?
A: Shenzhou 12 landed in Saihan Toroi Sum on September 17, 2021.

## Why It Matters
Shenzhou 12 was a landmark mission for China's space program, representing a significant step in the country's ambitions to establish a permanent presence in space. As the first crewed mission to the Tiangong space station, it demonstrated China's capability to conduct long-duration spaceflights and perform complex operations in orbit. The mission's success paved the way for subsequent missions, contributing to the construction and operation of the Tiangong space station. Additionally, the scientific experiments and technological demonstrations conducted during the mission advanced China's understanding of space science and technology, further solidifying its position as a major player in the global space community.

## Notable For
- **First Crewed Mission to Tiangong**: Shenzhou 12 was the first crewed mission to the Tiangong space station, specifically the Tianhe core module.
- **Longest Chinese Crewed Spaceflight**: At the time, it set a new record for China's longest crewed spaceflight, lasting approximately 90 days.
- **Successful Docking and Berthing**: The mission successfully docked with the Tiangong space station and conducted various experiments and spacewalks.
- **Advanced Space Technology**: The mission demonstrated China's advanced space technology and capability to conduct complex operations in orbit.
- **International Recognition**: Shenzhou 12 received international recognition for its successful execution and contributions to space science and technology.

## Body
### Mission Overview
Shenzhou 12 was a crewed spaceflight mission of China's Shenzhou program, launched on June 17, 2021, from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The mission was part of the China Manned Space Program and aimed to test the systems of the Tiangong space station, conduct scientific experiments, and prepare for future long-duration missions.

### Crew and Backup Crew
The crew of Shenzhou 12 consisted of Nie Haisheng (spacecraft commander), Liu Boming, and Tang Hongbo. The backup crew included Zhai Zhigang (spacecraft commander), Wang Yaping, and Ye Guangfu.

### Launch and Duration
Shenzhou 12 was launched using a Long March 2F rocket and lasted approximately 90 days, from June 17, 2021, to September 17, 2021. The mission set a new record for China's longest crewed spaceflight at the time.

### Significant Events
- **Rocket Launch**: The mission began with the launch of the Long March 2F rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on June 17, 2021, at 01:22:31 UTC.
- **Docking and Berthing**: Shenzhou 12 successfully docked with the Tiangong space station's Tianhe core module on June 17, 2021, at 07:54 UTC.
- **Landing**: The mission concluded with the landing of the spacecraft in Saihan Toroi Sum on September 17, 2021, at 05:34 UTC.

### Scientific Experiments and Spacewalks
During the mission, the crew conducted various scientific experiments and spacewalks, advancing China's understanding of space science and technology.

### Operator and Manufacturer
The mission was operated by the China National Space Administration (CNSA) and the spacecraft was manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation.

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## References

1. Jonathan's Space Report
2. [Source](http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/shenzhou_12.htm)