# Saint-Michel-sur-Orge

> commune in Essonne, France

**Wikidata**: [Q275562](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275562)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Michel-sur-Orge)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/saint-michel-sur-orge

## Summary
Saint-Michel-sur-Orge is a commune (municipality) in the Essonne department of northern France, located at latitude 48.6325 and longitude 2.3027777777778. It is part of the arrondissement of Palaiseau, gives its name to a canton, and hosts the Saint-Michel-sur-Orge Paris RER railway station.

## Key Facts
- Saint-Michel-sur-Orge is a commune of France and is located in the Essonne department.  
- Coordinates: latitude 48.6325, longitude 2.3027777777778.  
- Postal/administrative context: within the arrondissement of Palaiseau (inception +1962-11-09) and the canton of Saint-Michel-sur-Orge.  
- Historical departmental context: formerly part of the department of Seine-et-Oise (former department in existence 1790–1968).  
- Population data (recorded values from source): 20,057.0; 20,160.0; 20,036.0; 19,758.0; 19,965.0; 20,484.0; 21,298.0; 21,437.0; 21,536.0; 21,776.0.  
- Transport: contains the Saint-Michel-sur-Orge (Paris RER) railway station.  
- Local hydrology: associated with the Orge river, a tributary of the Seine.  
- Related local/municipal entities: canton of Saint-Michel-sur-Orge; commune of France (administrative category).  
- Related programs/contests: linked in source material to the Concours des villes et villages fleuris (annual French contest).  
- Official website: http://www.saintmichelsurorge.fr.  
- Wikidata sitelink count: 55.  
- Wikipedia page title: Saint-Michel-sur-Orge.  
- Wikidata short description: "commune in Essonne, France."

(National context and related higher-level entities)
- Country: France (Saint-Michel-sur-Orge is located in France).  
- France—selected inception/constitutional dates in source: Treaty of Verdun / West Francia (843 AD), roots at 481 (Francia), First French Empire proclamation (1804-05-18).  
- Department Essonne inception date (as given for the department): +1968-01-01.  
- Seine-et-Oise inception as a department: +1790-03-04.

## FAQs
Q: What is Saint-Michel-sur-Orge?  
A: Saint-Michel-sur-Orge is a French commune (municipality) in the Essonne department, administratively placed in the arrondissement of Palaiseau and giving its name to a local canton.

Q: Where exactly is Saint-Michel-sur-Orge located?  
A: The commune lies at latitude 48.6325 and longitude 2.3027777777778 in northern Île-de-France, within the department of Essonne in the country of France.

Q: How many people live in Saint-Michel-sur-Orge?  
A: Population figures recorded in the provided data vary; recorded values include 19,758.0 through 21,776.0 across the enumerated data points.

Q: What transport connections does Saint-Michel-sur-Orge have?  
A: The commune is served by the Saint-Michel-sur-Orge (Paris RER) railway station, which connects it to the Paris RER network.

Q: Which administrative divisions and historical departments is it associated with?  
A: Saint-Michel-sur-Orge is in Essonne (department, inception 1968-01-01) and the arrondissement of Palaiseau (inception 1962-11-09); historically the area was part of the former Seine-et-Oise department (1790–1968).

Q: Does Saint-Michel-sur-Orge have an official website and online presence?  
A: Yes. The official municipal website is http://www.saintmichelsurorge.fr and the commune has an associated Wikipedia page titled "Saint-Michel-sur-Orge."

Q: What natural features are connected to the commune?  
A: The Orge river, a tributary of the Seine, is the local river associated with Saint-Michel-sur-Orge.

Q: Is Saint-Michel-sur-Orge connected to national or regional contests or programs?  
A: The commune is related in source material to the Concours des villes et villages fleuris, the annual French contest recognizing floral and landscaped towns and villages.

## Why It Matters
Saint-Michel-sur-Orge matters as a local administrative, residential, and transport node within the Paris metropolitan sphere. As a commune in Essonne with its own RER station, it contributes to daily commuter flows into greater Paris and serves as a focal point for local services and municipal governance. Its recorded population figures (ranging around twenty thousand) indicate a mid-sized suburban municipality that supports regional housing, local commerce, and community life. The commune’s placement on the Orge river links it to regional waterways and environmental management considerations. Administratively, Saint-Michel-sur-Orge exemplifies France’s municipal governance model — a local government unit nested within a canton, an arrondissement (Palaiseau), and a department (Essonne), with historical ties to the former Seine-et-Oise department. Its official website and presence on Wikipedia and Wikidata (55 sitelinks) reflect civic transparency and digital accessibility for residents and researchers.

## Notable For
- Being an Essonne commune with a dedicated Paris RER station (Saint-Michel-sur-Orge), providing direct connections to the Paris regional rail network.  
- Occupying geographic coordinates 48.6325 N, 2.3027777777778 E within the Île-de-France region.  
- Hosting a mid-sized population (multiple recorded population data points near ~20,000–21,776).  
- Administrative importance at the local level as the namesake of its canton.  
- Historical departmental linkage: the area was formerly within the department of Seine-et-Oise (1790–1968) before departmental reorganization.  
- Local environmental link to the Orge river, a tributary of the Seine.  
- Municipal digital presence via its official website (http://www.saintmichelsurorge.fr) and a robust Wikidata/Wikipedia footprint (sitelink_count 55).

## Body

### Geography and Location
- Saint-Michel-sur-Orge sits at latitude 48.6325 and longitude 2.3027777777778.  
- The commune lies within the Essonne department in northern France and is part of the Île-de-France metropolitan area.  
- The Orge river, a tributary of the Seine, is the principal local watercourse associated with the commune and shapes local hydrology and landscape.  
- As a French commune, it falls under the national jurisdiction and laws of France.

### Administrative and Political Context
- National context: Saint-Michel-sur-Orge is a municipal entity of the French Republic. France’s historical milestones referenced in the source include the Treaty of Verdun (843 AD) establishing West Francia, earlier roots at 481 (Francia), and the proclamation of the First French Empire on 1804-05-18.  
- Department: The commune is located in Essonne; the department's inception date in the provided material is +1968-01-01, reflecting the post-1968 departmental organization that followed the dissolution of Seine-et-Oise.  
- Former department: The area was historically part of Seine-et-Oise, a department that existed from 1790-03-04 until 1968.  
- Arrondissement: Saint-Michel-sur-Orge belongs to the arrondissement of Palaiseau; the arrondissement inception indicated is +1962-11-09.  
- Canton: The commune gives its name to and is part of the canton of Saint-Michel-sur-Orge.  
- Commune status: As a commune of France, Saint-Michel-sur-Orge is the basic unit of local government in the French territorial administration system (the "commune of France" is an administrative subdivision whose modern inception dates to 1789 according to the related entity data).

### Demographics
- The provided population data contains multiple recorded values: 20,057.0; 20,160.0; 20,036.0; 19,758.0; 19,965.0; 20,484.0; 21,298.0; 21,437.0; 21,536.0; 21,776.0. These figures reflect population counts or estimates recorded in the source material.  
- The population values indicate an approximate scale for the commune in the range of about nineteen to twenty-two thousand inhabitants across the enumerated data points.

### Transport and Infrastructure
- Rail: Saint-Michel-sur-Orge is served by the Saint-Michel-sur-Orge (Paris RER) railway station, which integrates the commune into the Paris rapid transit and regional rail network.  
- Municipal web presence: The commune maintains an official website at http://www.saintmichelsurorge.fr, providing a point of contact and information for residents and visitors.  
- Digital footprint: The entity has a notable presence on Wikimedia with a sitelink_count of 55 and a dedicated Wikipedia page titled "Saint-Michel-sur-Orge."

### History and Administrative Evolution
- Pre-1968: The territory was part of the department of Seine-et-Oise, a department created on 1790-03-04 as part of the French departmental system.  
- Post-1968: With the dissolution and reorganization that abolished Seine-et-Oise in 1968, Saint-Michel-sur-Orge became part of the newly defined department of Essonne (inception +1968-01-01).  
- Arrondissement affiliation: The commune is in the arrondissement of Palaiseau, whose inception date in the source is recorded as +1962-11-09, indicating mid-20th-century administrative arrangements in the region.

### Relationships to Regional and National Entities
- Country: France — the commune operates under French national administration and law. The source contains extensive national-level facts including France’s capital (Paris), national symbols, government structure, and demographic and economic statistics; these establish the national framework within which Saint-Michel-sur-Orge functions.  
- Commune category: Saint-Michel-sur-Orge is classified under the commune of France—an administrative subdivision created in the late 18th century (1789 in the related data).  
- Related entities and programs: The source lists the canton of Saint-Michel-sur-Orge, the Orge river, the arrondissement of Palaiseau, the department of Essonne, the former department Seine-et-Oise, and the Concours des villes et villages fleuris as connected entities or programs; each appears in municipal or regional contexts relevant to the commune.

### Culture, Awards, and Local Programs
- The commune is linked in the provided relationships to the Concours des villes et villages fleuris, the annual national contest in France that recognizes towns and villages for floral displays and landscape quality. The source lists this contest as a related entity.

### Data and Reference Identifiers
- Official website: http://www.saintmichelsurorge.fr.  
- Wikipedia article title: "Saint-Michel-sur-Orge."  
- Wikidata description: "commune in Essonne, France."  
- Wikidata sitelink count: 55.  
- Population recorded values (see Demographics).  
- Geographic coordinates: 48.6325 N, 2.3027777777778 E.

### Connections to Broader Geographic and Political Context
- Saint-Michel-sur-Orge participates in the multi-tier French administrative system: commune → canton → arrondissement (Palaiseau) → department (Essonne) → region (Île-de-France) → country (France).  
- The commune’s riverine connection to the Orge ties it hydrologically to the Seine basin and, by extension, to regional environmental planning and river management in Île-de-France.  
- Historically, administrative changes such as the dissolution of Seine-et-Oise and creation of Essonne altered the department-level governance affecting the commune.

### Further resources
- Municipal information and local services are available on the official website: http://www.saintmichelsurorge.fr.  
- Encyclopedia and linked-data resources: Wikipedia entry titled "Saint-Michel-sur-Orge" and the corresponding Wikidata item (sitelink_count 55) for structured data and external references.

## References

1. French National Directory of Representatives
2. BnF authorities
3. Virtual International Authority File
4. dataset of postal codes in France. 2018
5. INSEE code
6. [Code officiel géographique](https://www.insee.fr/fr/information/4316069)
7. [Source](https://data.iledefrance.fr/explore/dataset/villes_idf_label_vvf/download?format=csv)
8. répertoire géographique des communes
9. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
10. Annuaire de service-public.fr
11. Recensement de la population 2015. National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 2017
12. Populations légales 2016
13. Populations légales 2017
14. Populations légales 2018
15. Populations légales 2019
16. Populations légales 2020
17. Populations légales 2021
18. Populations de référence 2022
19. Populations de référence 2023
20. [Code officiel géographique](https://www.insee.fr/fr/information/3363419)
21. National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies
22. GeoNames
23. [répertoire géographique des communes. 2015](https://wxs-telechargement.ign.fr/83edtfdyqte031y0ra49d2e3/telechargement/inspire/RGC-2015-01$RGC2015/file/RGC2015.7z)
24. [2016](https://data.geopf.fr/telechargement/download/GEOFLA/GEOFLA_2-2_COMMUNE_SHP_LAMB93_FXX_2016-06-28/GEOFLA_2-2_COMMUNE_SHP_LAMB93_FXX_2016-06-28.7z)
25. [archINFORM](https://www.archinform.net/service/wd_aiort.php)
26. [Code officiel géographique. 2017](https://www.insee.fr/fr/information/2560698)
27. National Library of Israel Names and Subjects Authority File