# Romania

> country in Southeast Europe

**Wikidata**: [Q218](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/romania

## Summary

Romania is a country located in Europe [1]. It was established on January 24, 1859 . The official language of the country is Romanian [2].The head of government is Ilie Bolojan [3]. As of 2022, the population stands at 19.1 million [4]. The total area of the nation is 238k [5][6].

## Summary
Romania is a sovereign state located in Southeast Europe, with a total area of 238,397 square kilometers and a population of approximately 19 million people. It is known for its rich history, diverse culture, and strategic geographical position, having been a key player in European politics and economics.

## Key Facts
- **Instance of**: Sovereign state (since January 24, 1859)
- **Capital**: Bucharest
- **Official name**: România
- **Area**: 238,397 square kilometers
- **Population**: 19,053,815 (as of 2022)
- **Currency**: Romanian Leu (RON)
- **Official language**: Romanian
- **Demonym**: Romanian
- **Time zone**: Eastern European Time (UTC+02:00)
- **Highest point**: Moldoveanu Peak (2,544 meters)
- **Lowest point**: Black Sea (0 meters)
- **Coordinates**: 46°N 25°E
- **ISO codes**: RO (alpha-2), ROU (alpha-3), 642 (numeric)
- **Internet TLD**: .ro
- **Calling code**: +40
- **Member of**: European Union (since January 1, 2007), NATO (since March 29, 2004), United Nations (since December 14, 1955)
- **GDP (nominal)**: $301.26 billion (2022)
- **Human Development Index**: 0.821 (2021)
- **Life expectancy**: 75 years (2022)
- **Total fertility rate**: 1.41 (2014)
- **Suicide rate**: 7.3 per 100,000 (2019)
- **Gini coefficient**: 34.8 (2019)
- **Democracy Index**: 6.4 (2020)
- **BTI Governance Index**: 5.58 (2022)
- **BTI Status Index**: 7.75 (2022)

## FAQs
- **What is the capital of Romania?** The capital of Romania is Bucharest.
- **What is the official language of Romania?** The official language of Romania is Romanian.
- **What is the currency of Romania?** The currency of Romania is the Romanian Leu (RON).
- **When did Romania join the European Union?** Romania joined the European Union on January 1, 2007.
- **What is the highest point in Romania?** The highest point in Romania is Moldoveanu Peak, standing at 2,544 meters.
- **What is the lowest point in Romania?** The lowest point in Romania is the Black Sea, at sea level.
- **What is the population of Romania?** The population of Romania is approximately 19 million people.
- **What is the area of Romania?** The total area of Romania is 238,397 square kilometers.
- **What is the time zone of Romania?** Romania operates on Eastern European Time (UTC+02:00).
- **What are the neighboring countries of Romania?** Romania shares borders with Ukraine, Hungary, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Moldova.
- **What is the official name of Romania?** The official name of Romania is România.
- **What is the demonym for people from Romania?** The demonym for people from Romania is Romanian.
- **What is the GDP of Romania?** The nominal GDP of Romania is $301.26 billion (2022).
- **What is the Human Development Index of Romania?** The Human Development Index of Romania is 0.821 (2021).
- **What is the life expectancy in Romania?** The life expectancy in Romania is 75 years (2022).
- **What is the total fertility rate in Romania?** The total fertility rate in Romania is 1.41 (2014).
- **What is the suicide rate in Romania?** The suicide rate in Romania is 7.3 per 100,000 (2019).
- **What is the Gini coefficient of Romania?** The Gini coefficient of Romania is 34.8 (2019).
- **What is the Democracy Index of Romania?** The Democracy Index of Romania is 6.4 (2020).
- **What is the BTI Governance Index of Romania?** The BTI Governance Index of Romania is 5.58 (2022).
- **What is the BTI Status Index of Romania?** The BTI Status Index of Romania is 7.75 (2022).

## Why It Matters
Romania plays a significant role in Southeast Europe, serving as a key player in regional politics and economics. Its strategic geographical position and rich history make it a crucial country for understanding the dynamics of the region. Romania's membership in the European Union and NATO underscores its importance in international relations. The country's diverse culture and natural landscapes contribute to its appeal as a tourist destination and a hub for cultural exchange. Romania's economic development and social progress reflect its efforts to modernize and improve the quality of life for its citizens.

## Notable For
- **Historical Significance**: Romania has a rich history, including the unification of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859 and the Union of Transylvania with Romania in 1918.
- **Cultural Heritage**: Romania is known for its vibrant culture, traditional music, and folklore, as well as its contributions to literature, art, and cinema.
- **Natural Landscapes**: The country boasts diverse natural landscapes, including the Carpathian Mountains, the Danube Delta, and the Black Sea coast.
- **Economic Growth**: Romania has experienced significant economic growth in recent years, with a focus on diversification, innovation, and sustainable development.
- **Tourism**: Romania is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors with its historical sites, natural beauty, and warm hospitality.
- **International Relations**: Romania maintains strong diplomatic relations with various countries, contributing to its role as a mediator and bridge in regional affairs.
- **Scientific and Technological Advancements**: Romania has made notable contributions to science and technology, with research institutions and universities playing a key role in the country's development.
- **Social Progress**: Romania has made strides in social progress, including improvements in education, healthcare, and gender equality, reflecting its commitment to inclusive development.

## Body
### Geography
Romania is located in Southeast Europe, with a total area of 238,397 square kilometers. The country is bordered by Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia and Bulgaria to the south, and Moldova to the east. Romania's diverse geography includes the Carpathian Mountains, the Danube Delta, and the Black Sea coast. The highest point in Romania is Moldoveanu Peak, standing at 2,544 meters, while the lowest point is the Black Sea, at sea level.

### History
Romania has a rich and complex history, dating back to ancient times. The unification of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859 marked the beginning of modern Romania. The country played a significant role in European politics and economics, particularly during the 20th century. Romania's history includes periods of monarchy, communism, and democratic governance, reflecting its struggles and achievements.

### Politics and Government
Romania is a sovereign state with a semi-presidential system of government. The country is a member of the European Union, NATO, and the United Nations. Romania's political landscape has evolved over time, with significant changes in governance and international relations. The country's political system includes a president, a prime minister, and a bicameral parliament.

### Economy
Romania's economy has experienced significant growth in recent years, with a focus on diversification, innovation, and sustainable development. The country's key economic sectors include manufacturing, agriculture, and services. Romania's GDP is approximately $301.26 billion (2022), reflecting its efforts to modernize and improve the quality of life for its citizens.

### Society and Culture
Romania has a diverse and vibrant culture, with a rich tradition of music, dance, and folklore. The country's cultural heritage includes contributions to literature, art, and cinema. Romania's society is characterized by a mix of traditional values and modern influences, reflecting its efforts to preserve its cultural identity while embracing change.

### Demographics
Romania has a population of approximately 19 million people. The country's demographic profile includes a mix of ethnic groups, with Romanian being the official language. Romania's population is characterized by a youthful demographic, with a significant proportion of its citizens under the age of 30.

### Education and Healthcare
Romania has made significant strides in education and healthcare, with a focus on improving access and quality. The country's education system includes primary, secondary, and higher education institutions, with a strong emphasis on academic excellence and innovation. Romania's healthcare system is characterized by a mix of public and private providers, with a focus on preventive care and patient-centered approaches.

### Tourism
Romania is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors with its historical sites, natural beauty, and warm hospitality. The country's key tourist attractions include the Carpathian Mountains, the Danube Delta, and the Black Sea coast. Romania's tourism industry has experienced significant growth in recent years, with a focus on sustainable development and cultural preservation.

### International Relations
Romania maintains strong diplomatic relations with various countries, contributing to its role as a mediator and bridge in regional affairs. The country's international relations include membership in the European Union, NATO, and the United Nations, as well as diplomatic ties with other countries. Romania's foreign policy is characterized by a focus on regional cooperation, economic development, and human rights.

### Scientific and Technological Advancements
Romania has made notable contributions to science and technology, with research institutions and universities playing a key role in the country's development. The country's scientific and technological advancements include innovations in engineering, medicine, and environmental science. Romania's efforts in research and development reflect its commitment to innovation and technological progress.

### Social Progress
Romania has made strides in social progress, including improvements in education, healthcare, and gender equality. The country's social progress is characterized by a focus on inclusive development, social justice, and human rights. Romania's efforts in social progress reflect its commitment to improving the quality of life for its citizens and promoting social cohesion.

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35. [Primele date provizorii pentru Recensământul Populației și Locuințelor, runda 2021](https://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Date-provizorii-RPL_cu-anexe_30122022.pdf)
36. [Source](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI)
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39. [Source](http://cnig.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/CNT-PVM_r%C3%A9vis%C3%A9_2020-01-27-1.pdf)
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